Theo Hermans was until recently Director of the Centre for Translation Studies at University College London (UCL). He is now Emeritus Professor in Translation Studies at UCL and an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Manchester. His main research interests concern the theory and history of translation.

• Foreword to the Routledge Translation Classics EditionKathryn BatchelorPreface AcknowlegdementsPreamble: Mann’s Fate 1 An Invisible College Names Invisible Colleges Manipulation College? 2 Lines of Approach ‘Diagnostic rather than hortatory’ Decisions, Shifts, MetatextsA Disciplinary Utopia 3 Points of Orientation 4 Undefining Translation 5 Describing Translation First Attempts Transemes? Real Readers Checklists Comparative Practice6 Working with NormsDecisions and Norms Toury’s Norms Chesterman’s Norms Norm Theory Studying Norms7 Beyond NormsLaws? Translation as IndexEquivalence? Historicizing Theory 8 Into SystemsPolysystem’s Sources Polysystem’s Terms Polysystems in Action Polysystem’s Limitations 9 More Systems? Mass Communication Maps System, Ideology and Poetics Translation as Field and Habitus 10 Translation as SystemExpectations Structure Translation as a Social System Self-reference and Description 11 Criticisms 12 Perspectives Glossary Bibliography Index

"Translation in Systems has been the reliable companion for those who would like to access a clear, comprehensive and critical account of descriptive and systemic approaches – both foundational theoretical frameworks which have shaped translation studies. Almost two decades on, it deserves its place in the Routledge Translation Classics, and will continue to guide and inspire teachers, students and researchers who are new to the discipline."Şebnem Susam-Saraeva, Senior Lecturer in Translation Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK"Hermans gives us an insider testimony and a critical review of the gestation of the basic principles on which the fledgling discipline was built: descriptive rather than prescriptive analysis, a systemic view of literature, and a quest for norms and laws of translation."Kaisa Koskinen, Professor of Translation Studies, University of Tampere, Finland

Theo Hermans was until recently Director of the Centre for Translation Studies at University College London (UCL). He is now Emeritus Professor in Translation Studies at UCL and an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Manchester. His main research interests concern the theory and history of translation.

• Foreword to the Routledge Translation Classics EditionKathryn BatchelorPreface AcknowlegdementsPreamble: Mann’s Fate 1 An Invisible College Names Invisible Colleges Manipulation College? 2 Lines of Approach ‘Diagnostic rather than hortatory’ Decisions, Shifts, MetatextsA Disciplinary Utopia 3 Points of Orientation 4 Undefining Translation 5 Describing Translation First Attempts Transemes? Real Readers Checklists Comparative Practice6 Working with NormsDecisions and Norms Toury’s Norms Chesterman’s Norms Norm Theory Studying Norms7 Beyond NormsLaws? Translation as IndexEquivalence? Historicizing Theory 8 Into SystemsPolysystem’s Sources Polysystem’s Terms Polysystems in Action Polysystem’s Limitations 9 More Systems? Mass Communication Maps System, Ideology and Poetics Translation as Field and Habitus 10 Translation as SystemExpectations Structure Translation as a Social System Self-reference and Description 11 Criticisms 12 Perspectives Glossary Bibliography Index

"Translation in Systems has been the reliable companion for those who would like to access a clear, comprehensive and critical account of descriptive and systemic approaches – both foundational theoretical frameworks which have shaped translation studies. Almost two decades on, it deserves its place in the Routledge Translation Classics, and will continue to guide and inspire teachers, students and researchers who are new to the discipline."Şebnem Susam-Saraeva, Senior Lecturer in Translation Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK"Hermans gives us an insider testimony and a critical review of the gestation of the basic principles on which the fledgling discipline was built: descriptive rather than prescriptive analysis, a systemic view of literature, and a quest for norms and laws of translation."Kaisa Koskinen, Professor of Translation Studies, University of Tampere, Finland

Theo Hermans was until recently Director of the Centre for Translation Studies at University College London (UCL). He is now Emeritus Professor in Translation Studies at UCL and an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Manchester. His main research interests concern the theory and history of translation.

• Foreword to the Routledge Translation Classics EditionKathryn BatchelorPreface AcknowlegdementsPreamble: Mann’s Fate 1 An Invisible College Names Invisible Colleges Manipulation College? 2 Lines of Approach ‘Diagnostic rather than hortatory’ Decisions, Shifts, MetatextsA Disciplinary Utopia 3 Points of Orientation 4 Undefining Translation 5 Describing Translation First Attempts Transemes? Real Readers Checklists Comparative Practice6 Working with NormsDecisions and Norms Toury’s Norms Chesterman’s Norms Norm Theory Studying Norms7 Beyond NormsLaws? Translation as IndexEquivalence? Historicizing Theory 8 Into SystemsPolysystem’s Sources Polysystem’s Terms Polysystems in Action Polysystem’s Limitations 9 More Systems? Mass Communication Maps System, Ideology and Poetics Translation as Field and Habitus 10 Translation as SystemExpectations Structure Translation as a Social System Self-reference and Description 11 Criticisms 12 Perspectives Glossary Bibliography Index

"Translation in Systems has been the reliable companion for those who would like to access a clear, comprehensive and critical account of descriptive and systemic approaches – both foundational theoretical frameworks which have shaped translation studies. Almost two decades on, it deserves its place in the Routledge Translation Classics, and will continue to guide and inspire teachers, students and researchers who are new to the discipline."Şebnem Susam-Saraeva, Senior Lecturer in Translation Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK"Hermans gives us an insider testimony and a critical review of the gestation of the basic principles on which the fledgling discipline was built: descriptive rather than prescriptive analysis, a systemic view of literature, and a quest for norms and laws of translation."Kaisa Koskinen, Professor of Translation Studies, University of Tampere, Finland