Transcultural Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Health and Social Care

Irena Papadopoulos, PhD, MA, BA, DipNEd, DipN, RN, RM, NDNCert, has been Professor for Transcultural Health and Nursing at Middlesex University for 18 years and Head of the Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, which she established, for nearly 25 years. She was the chair of her school's ethics committee, and the former chair of the research team for nursing, midwifery and allied health professions. She has been working within NHS and academic sector for over 40 years. Her main research interests are culture, compassion, diversity, health inequalities, migration and new technologies in health. She has authored/co-authored eight books, over 50 book chapters, over 100 articles, research reports and knowledge transfer tools, learning units and online modules. She was founding member of a European/Japanese universities consortium, funded by EU's HORIZON 2020 and the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs, for CARESSES (Culturally Aware Robots and Environmental Sensor Systems for Elderly Support) project, the first artificially intelligent autonomous robot sensitive to people cultures. Christina Koulouglioti, PhD, is senior research fellow in the Department Research and Innovation at the Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and a research fellow at the Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, Middlesex University. She worked with Prof I. Papadopoulos on the CARESSES research project which developed the first set of guidelines for culturally competent artificially intelligent social robots. During the project, along with Prof Papadopoulos and other partners, they authored and published many articles related to the use of social robots in health care and the importance of culture. Chris Papadopoulos, PhD, is principal lecturer in public health and director of health research at School of Healthcare Practice, University of Bedfordshire. He teaches on a range of health post-graduate health courses, is Chair of the School of Healthcare Practice's Ethics Committee, associate editor of the Journal of Pedagogic Development, Fellow of the Higher Education Academy, European Commission expert evaluator on Public Health Best Practices award scheme, Member of the Council of Deans of Health Research Leads Network and co-lead of the Institute for Health Research's Statistics and Epidemiology Group. He researches in health-related areas within the social sciences, particularly stigma, autism, mental health, informal carers/parents, older adults, culture, ethics, health technology and social robotics. He co-led the testing and evaluation phases of CARESSES project, including designing and implementing an ethically sensitive, complex and ground-breaking experimental trial of culturally competent autonomous social robots in social care settings across England. Antonio Sgorbissa, PhD, is Associate Professor at the Università degli Studi of Genova and teacher in EMARO+ and JEMARO+, the European and Japanese Masters' in Advanced Robotics. He has 20 years of experience teaching ICT-related topics to students of non-technical universities in a simple, accessible, and appealing way. He has been coordinator of H2020 CARESSES (Culturally Aware Robots and Environmental Sensor Systems for Elderly Support) and Principal Investigator in National and EU projects, including DIONISO (a multidisciplinary effort focusing on ICT for intervention in earthquakes) and WearAmI (focusing on assistive robotics in smart environments). He is Associate Editor of the International Journal of Social Robotics, Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, and Intelligent Service Robotics. He is executive vice president of I-RIM, Italian Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Director of the Social Robotics Lab at University of Genova and RASES, the inter-university center on Robotics and Autonomous Systems in Emergency Scenarios. He is the author of more than 150 scientific articles indexed in international databases and awarded five patents as an inventor. As coordinator of H2020 CARESSES, he has been a founding member of a European/Japanese universities consortium funded by the European Commission and the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.

• 1. The 4th industrial revolution and the introduction of culturally competent concepts and values for AI technologies in healthcare2. A beginner’s guide to how robots work3. What the literature says about AI and robotic technologies in health and social care4. The ethics of socially assistive robots in health and social care5. A workplan to develop culturally competent robots: the CARESSES case study6. Developing scenarios for a health and social care robotics project7. From scenarios to guidelines for the programming of culturally competent, socially assistive AI robots8. From guidelines to culturally competent artificial intelligence9. Development of a fully autonomous culturally competent robot companion10. The trial and results11. The role of AI culturally competent robots in major health disasters12. Future gazing

"…the book offers detailed knowledge on major issues to benefit both health and social care workers and those who are simply interested in the subject, and it does so in a clear and rational way. The message of Transcultural Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Health and Social Care is driven by hope and a resolve that AI and SARs in health and social care might make our lives better. As such, I have no hesitation in recommending this book, which is insightful, clear, and useful. Hence, I give potential readers a very high recommendation as the book is accessible and clarifying, and it will be useful to researchers and students alike, both in college and graduate classrooms. The book’s pragmatic approach makes a valuable contribution to several fields—anthropology, sociology, nursing, and robotics—and also provides useful insights for policy makers working in health-related fields." --Anne Aronsson, Department of Anthropology, Yale, CT, USA