Tokyo as a Global City

Toshio KIKUCHI is a professor of geography and tourism science at the Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University (TMU), Japan. He has been the leading organizer of the Department of Tourism Science at TMU since 2005 and the head of the department since 2016. He holds a doctorate in science from the Graduate School of Geoscience, the University of Tsukuba. He was an associate professor, Department of Geography, Gunma University (1984–1992), and an associate professor, Department of Geography, Graduate School of Science, TMU (1993– 2006), and he has been a professor in the Department of Tourism Science, TMU since 2007. He is a member of the Tourism Council and Eco-Top (Ecological Conservation Training of Personal Program) Committee of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. He served as the chief editor of the Geographical Review of Japan from 2008 to 2012, the editor of the Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) from 2010 to 2016, and the chairperson of the Association of Japanese Geographers from 2015 to 2016. He received the Leading Professor Award at Tokyo Metropolitan University in 2014. Dr. Kikuchi specializes in agricultural and rural geography, while his academic interests cover wide phenomena such as rural tourism, sustainable rural systems, rural restructuring, land use–cover changes, ecotourism, the relationship between nature and human environments, and related topics. He has published many books, including Regional Conditions on Sustainable Rural Systems (2000, Nourin-Tokei-Kyoukai, Tokyo), Introduction of Tourism: Learning with Pleasure” (2008, Ninomiya-shoten, Tokyo), Nature-Based Tourism (2015, Asakura-shoten, Tokyo), and Culture-Based Tourism (2016, Asakura-shoten, Tokyo).Toshihiko SUGAI is a professor in the Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo (UT), a position he has held since 2006. He received his BA in 1987 and his Ph.D. in 1994 from the Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, UT. During his career he has been an assistant professor in the Department of Human Geography, UT, 1993–1996; senior researcher, Active Fault Research Center, Geological Survey of Japan, 1996–1999; and associate professor, Department of Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Science, UT, 1999–2006. He has served as the editor of the Journal of Geography (Chigaku Zasshi) from 2007 to 2013, a steering committee member of the IGU Environmental Evolution Commission (2014–present), an editorial member of the AJG Library: International Perspectives in Geography (2014–present), and a member of the executive committee of the Japan Association for Quaternary Research (2015–present). Dr. Sugai is a physical geographer, and his research interests are Quaternary environmental changes and fluvial–tectonic geomorphology. Recent publications include Sugai T, Novenko EU (eds) (2015) ”Environmentevolution and human activity in the late Quaternary” in the Geographical Review of Japan, and Haruyama S, Sugai T (eds) (2016)  Natural Disaster and Coastal Geomorphology (Springer).

• Late Quaternary landform development of the Kanto Plain.- History and Future of Volcanic Disasters in and around the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Central Japan.- Climate variations in Tokyo since the Edo period.- The Current Status of and Prospects for Biodiversity in Tokyo.- Satoyama landscapes in Tokyo.- The Religious Space of Edo, considering the Distribution and Functions of Temples and  Shrines.- History of Urban Water Use in Tokyo with Focusing on Surface and Subsurface Water as Water Sources.- Food Problems and New Challenges of Urban Agriculture in Tokyo.- Spatial Patterns of Population Change in Central Tokyo since the Period of the Bubble Economy.- Central Tokyo as a Place for Raising Children while Working.- Past, Present, and Future Views in Tokyo.- Transport Planning and Management in the Tokyo Metropolitan Region : Its History, Current Situation, and Future Perspectives.- The Changing Spatial Economy and Cultural Industries in Tokyo.- Regional Characteristics of Urban Tourism in Tokyo.- The History of Electric Enterprises and Power Supply Development in Tokyo since the Meiji Era.- Analysis of Current Municipal Solid Waste Management in Tokyo and Future Prospects.- Status of Tokyo : Comparing Tokyo with Major Cities of the World.