Joachim Frank is an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He is also Professor of Biomedical Sciences and Adjunct Professor of Biology at the State University of New York at Albany, Adjunct Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics at Columbia University, Research Professor of Cell Biology at New York State University Medical School, and head of the Laboratory of Computational Biology and Macromolecular Imaging at HealthResearch, Inc., the Wadsworth Center.

• 1: Introduction 2: Electron Microscopy of Macromolecular Assemblies 3: Two-Dimensional Averaging Techniques 4: Multivariate Data Analysis and Classification of Images 5: Three-Dimensional Reconstruction 6: Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Images of Macromolecules Appendix 1: Some Important Definitions and Theorems Appendix 2: Profiles, Point-Spread Functions, and Effects of Commonly Used Low-Pass Filters Appendix 2: Bibliography of Methods Appendix 2: Bibliography of Structures Appendix 2: Special Journal Issues on Image Processing Techniques

Joachim Frank is an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He is also Professor of Biomedical Sciences and Adjunct Professor of Biology at the State University of New York at Albany, Adjunct Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics at Columbia University, Research Professor of Cell Biology at New York State University Medical School, and head of the Laboratory of Computational Biology and Macromolecular Imaging at HealthResearch, Inc., the Wadsworth Center.

• 1: Introduction 2: Electron Microscopy of Macromolecular Assemblies 3: Two-Dimensional Averaging Techniques 4: Multivariate Data Analysis and Classification of Images 5: Three-Dimensional Reconstruction 6: Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Images of Macromolecules Appendix 1: Some Important Definitions and Theorems Appendix 2: Profiles, Point-Spread Functions, and Effects of Commonly Used Low-Pass Filters Appendix 2: Bibliography of Methods Appendix 2: Bibliography of Structures Appendix 2: Special Journal Issues on Image Processing Techniques

Joachim Frank is an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He is also Professor of Biomedical Sciences and Adjunct Professor of Biology at the State University of New York at Albany, Adjunct Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics at Columbia University, Research Professor of Cell Biology at New York State University Medical School, and head of the Laboratory of Computational Biology and Macromolecular Imaging at HealthResearch, Inc., the Wadsworth Center.

• 1: Introduction 2: Electron Microscopy of Macromolecular Assemblies 3: Two-Dimensional Averaging Techniques 4: Multivariate Data Analysis and Classification of Images 5: Three-Dimensional Reconstruction 6: Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Images of Macromolecules Appendix 1: Some Important Definitions and Theorems Appendix 2: Profiles, Point-Spread Functions, and Effects of Commonly Used Low-Pass Filters Appendix 2: Bibliography of Methods Appendix 2: Bibliography of Structures Appendix 2: Special Journal Issues on Image Processing Techniques