Samantha Christiansen is an instructor at Northeastern University. Her research interests focus on youth and student mobilizations in South Asia and Europe and international Left politics. She has also taught at Independent University Bangladesh. Zachary A. Scarlett is an instructor at Northeastern University specializing in modern Chinese history and the history of radical social movements in the twentieth century. His work examines the ways in which Chinese students imagined and co-opted global narratives during the Cultural Revolution.

• Forward Arif Dirlik Introduction Samantha Christiansen and Zachary A Scarlett Part I: Crossing Borders: The Idea of the Third World and the Global 1960s Chapter 1. A Shared Space of Imagination, Communication, and Action: Perspectives on the History of the "Third World" Christoph Kalter Chapter 2. China's Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution and the Imagination of the Third World Zachary Scarlett Chapter 3. Politics and Periodicals in 1960s India: The Naxalite Movement Avishek Ganguly Chapter 4. Liberation Struggle and Humanitarian Aid - International Solidarity Movements and the "Third World" in the 1960s Konrad Kuhn Part II: Fresh Battles in Old Struggles: New Voices and Modes of Expression Chapter 5. "A More Systemic Fight for Reform": University Reform, Student Movements, Society, and the State in Brazil, 1957-1968 Colin Snider Chapter 6. "Speaking the Language of Protest:" African Student Rebellions at the Catholic Major Seminary in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1965-1979 Nicholas Creary Chapter 7. 1968 and the Context of Apartheid: Students, Race, and Politics in South Africa Chris Saunders Chapter 8. Brother Wally and De Burnin' of Babylon: Walter Rodney's Impact on the Reawakening of Black Power, the Birth of Reggae, and Resistance to Global Imperialism James Bradford Part III: Unfinished Business: Challenging the State's Revolution Chapter 9. June 4th 1969: Violence, Political Imagination, and the Student Movement in the Congo Pedro Monaville Chapter 10. Revolution on the National Stage: Mexico, the PRI, and the Student Movement in 1968 Julia Sloan Chapter 11. Students, Identity and Strategic Alliance Building: The Emergence of University Students as a Political Opposition Force in Indonesia in the 1960s Stephanie Sapiie Chapter 12. Putting up a United Front: MAN in the Rebellious Sixties in the Philippines Erwin Fernandez

"Historians of the burgeoning field of the global 1960s will welcome the contributions the volume makes." * Choice "Essential reading for all scholars of the global 1960s. Christiansen and Scarlett have brought together an extraordinary group of contributors. They challenge readers to think about the vector and velocity of political change in the long Sixties era by grounding their work in the fi erce struggles for freedom in what was once called 'the Third World.'" * David Farber, Temple University "[A]n exciting contribution to the ongoing globalization of the historical conception of '1968.' The global South has been almost invisible in the historical scholarship on this vital topic up to now, and this volume marks an important step forward in the rectification of that imbalance. The individual essays make for stimulating reading, - and fairly burst with new information and insights from histories around the world, histories whose urgency has not dimmed with the passage of time." * Doug Rossinow, author of Visions of Progress: The Left-Liberal Tradition in America "The editors and the authors are to be commended for creating this fascinating and important volume. By giving sustained attention to the 1960s in the so-called 'Third World,' while exploring the status of the very idea of the 'Third World' internationally, the book both expands and unsettles common understandings of the 'global Sixties.' The individual essays bring to light local conflicts and struggles often excluded from narratives of the era, while illuminating the relationship between national, transnational, and international contexts. It is a vital addition to the accumulating body of knowledge on the 1960s and the means by which the world has become increasingly interconnected." * Jeremy Varon, The New School for Social Research, New York

Samantha Christiansen is an instructor at Northeastern University. Her research interests focus on youth and student mobilizations in South Asia and Europe and international Left politics. She has also taught at Independent University Bangladesh. Zachary A. Scarlett is an instructor at Northeastern University specializing in modern Chinese history and the history of radical social movements in the twentieth century. His work examines the ways in which Chinese students imagined and co-opted global narratives during the Cultural Revolution.

• Forward Arif Dirlik Introduction Samantha Christiansen and Zachary A Scarlett Part I: Crossing Borders: The Idea of the Third World and the Global 1960s Chapter 1. A Shared Space of Imagination, Communication, and Action: Perspectives on the History of the "Third World" Christoph Kalter Chapter 2. China's Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution and the Imagination of the Third World Zachary Scarlett Chapter 3. Politics and Periodicals in 1960s India: The Naxalite Movement Avishek Ganguly Chapter 4. Liberation Struggle and Humanitarian Aid - International Solidarity Movements and the "Third World" in the 1960s Konrad Kuhn Part II: Fresh Battles in Old Struggles: New Voices and Modes of Expression Chapter 5. "A More Systemic Fight for Reform": University Reform, Student Movements, Society, and the State in Brazil, 1957-1968 Colin Snider Chapter 6. "Speaking the Language of Protest:" African Student Rebellions at the Catholic Major Seminary in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1965-1979 Nicholas Creary Chapter 7. 1968 and the Context of Apartheid: Students, Race, and Politics in South Africa Chris Saunders Chapter 8. Brother Wally and De Burnin' of Babylon: Walter Rodney's Impact on the Reawakening of Black Power, the Birth of Reggae, and Resistance to Global Imperialism James Bradford Part III: Unfinished Business: Challenging the State's Revolution Chapter 9. June 4th 1969: Violence, Political Imagination, and the Student Movement in the Congo Pedro Monaville Chapter 10. Revolution on the National Stage: Mexico, the PRI, and the Student Movement in 1968 Julia Sloan Chapter 11. Students, Identity and Strategic Alliance Building: The Emergence of University Students as a Political Opposition Force in Indonesia in the 1960s Stephanie Sapiie Chapter 12. Putting up a United Front: MAN in the Rebellious Sixties in the Philippines Erwin Fernandez

"Historians of the burgeoning field of the global 1960s will welcome the contributions the volume makes." * Choice "Essential reading for all scholars of the global 1960s. Christiansen and Scarlett have brought together an extraordinary group of contributors. They challenge readers to think about the vector and velocity of political change in the long Sixties era by grounding their work in the fi erce struggles for freedom in what was once called 'the Third World.'" * David Farber, Temple University "[A]n exciting contribution to the ongoing globalization of the historical conception of '1968.' The global South has been almost invisible in the historical scholarship on this vital topic up to now, and this volume marks an important step forward in the rectification of that imbalance. The individual essays make for stimulating reading, - and fairly burst with new information and insights from histories around the world, histories whose urgency has not dimmed with the passage of time." * Doug Rossinow, author of Visions of Progress: The Left-Liberal Tradition in America "The editors and the authors are to be commended for creating this fascinating and important volume. By giving sustained attention to the 1960s in the so-called 'Third World,' while exploring the status of the very idea of the 'Third World' internationally, the book both expands and unsettles common understandings of the 'global Sixties.' The individual essays bring to light local conflicts and struggles often excluded from narratives of the era, while illuminating the relationship between national, transnational, and international contexts. It is a vital addition to the accumulating body of knowledge on the 1960s and the means by which the world has become increasingly interconnected." * Jeremy Varon, The New School for Social Research, New York

Samantha Christiansen is an instructor at Northeastern University. Her research interests focus on youth and student mobilizations in South Asia and Europe and international Left politics. She has also taught at Independent University Bangladesh. Zachary A. Scarlett is an instructor at Northeastern University specializing in modern Chinese history and the history of radical social movements in the twentieth century. His work examines the ways in which Chinese students imagined and co-opted global narratives during the Cultural Revolution.

• Forward Arif Dirlik Introduction Samantha Christiansen and Zachary A Scarlett Part I: Crossing Borders: The Idea of the Third World and the Global 1960s Chapter 1. A Shared Space of Imagination, Communication, and Action: Perspectives on the History of the "Third World" Christoph Kalter Chapter 2. China's Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution and the Imagination of the Third World Zachary Scarlett Chapter 3. Politics and Periodicals in 1960s India: The Naxalite Movement Avishek Ganguly Chapter 4. Liberation Struggle and Humanitarian Aid - International Solidarity Movements and the "Third World" in the 1960s Konrad Kuhn Part II: Fresh Battles in Old Struggles: New Voices and Modes of Expression Chapter 5. "A More Systemic Fight for Reform": University Reform, Student Movements, Society, and the State in Brazil, 1957-1968 Colin Snider Chapter 6. "Speaking the Language of Protest:" African Student Rebellions at the Catholic Major Seminary in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1965-1979 Nicholas Creary Chapter 7. 1968 and the Context of Apartheid: Students, Race, and Politics in South Africa Chris Saunders Chapter 8. Brother Wally and De Burnin' of Babylon: Walter Rodney's Impact on the Reawakening of Black Power, the Birth of Reggae, and Resistance to Global Imperialism James Bradford Part III: Unfinished Business: Challenging the State's Revolution Chapter 9. June 4th 1969: Violence, Political Imagination, and the Student Movement in the Congo Pedro Monaville Chapter 10. Revolution on the National Stage: Mexico, the PRI, and the Student Movement in 1968 Julia Sloan Chapter 11. Students, Identity and Strategic Alliance Building: The Emergence of University Students as a Political Opposition Force in Indonesia in the 1960s Stephanie Sapiie Chapter 12. Putting up a United Front: MAN in the Rebellious Sixties in the Philippines Erwin Fernandez

"Historians of the burgeoning field of the global 1960s will welcome the contributions the volume makes." * Choice "Essential reading for all scholars of the global 1960s. Christiansen and Scarlett have brought together an extraordinary group of contributors. They challenge readers to think about the vector and velocity of political change in the long Sixties era by grounding their work in the fi erce struggles for freedom in what was once called 'the Third World.'" * David Farber, Temple University "[A]n exciting contribution to the ongoing globalization of the historical conception of '1968.' The global South has been almost invisible in the historical scholarship on this vital topic up to now, and this volume marks an important step forward in the rectification of that imbalance. The individual essays make for stimulating reading, - and fairly burst with new information and insights from histories around the world, histories whose urgency has not dimmed with the passage of time." * Doug Rossinow, author of Visions of Progress: The Left-Liberal Tradition in America "The editors and the authors are to be commended for creating this fascinating and important volume. By giving sustained attention to the 1960s in the so-called 'Third World,' while exploring the status of the very idea of the 'Third World' internationally, the book both expands and unsettles common understandings of the 'global Sixties.' The individual essays bring to light local conflicts and struggles often excluded from narratives of the era, while illuminating the relationship between national, transnational, and international contexts. It is a vital addition to the accumulating body of knowledge on the 1960s and the means by which the world has become increasingly interconnected." * Jeremy Varon, The New School for Social Research, New York