This book provides an overview of infrared thermal imaging as an advanced, non-contact, and non-destructive tool in biosystems engineering. It covers the principles, systems, and methods of thermal imaging, and explores how infrared technology can be used to assess surface temperature and material properties with high precision and efficiency. Insights into image acquisition techniques, thermal data processing, and interpretation using statistical and artificial intelligence-based tools are also provided. This book further highlights real-world applications across agriculture, natural resources, and food systems — ranging from monitoring soil, plant, and animal conditions to quality control in food processing and preservation of different ecosystems. With its interdisciplinary approach, this book bridges engineering with biological systems, helping researchers, students, and professionals harness thermal imaging for improving productivity, reducing environmental impacts, and developing sustainable innovation. Suitable as a practical reference, it is an essential guide for biosystems engineers, agronomists and other agricultural professionals, food technologists, environmental scientists, and industry practitioners seeking to adopt cutting-edge imaging techniques in their work.