Lucas Knotter is Lecturer at the University of Bath, UK. He is an Associate Editor for 9DASHLINE. He specialises in themes of secession, state creation, and theories of international politics and security.

• Introduction: De Facto States as Exceptional Polities in International Relations 1. Law, Discourse, Limbo: De Facto Statehood and Regularity 2. Classical Realism: De Facto Statehood and Exceptionality 3. Somaliland: De Facto Sovereignty in an Exceptional Polity 4. The Democratic League of Kosovo: De Facto Sovereignty in a Parallel State? 5. Kosovo’s Future: De Jure Sovereignty or Exceptional Polity? Conclusion: Borges’s World Map

Lucas Knotter is Lecturer at the University of Bath, UK. He is an Associate Editor for 9DASHLINE. He specialises in themes of secession, state creation, and theories of international politics and security.

• Introduction: De Facto States as Exceptional Polities in International Relations 1. Law, Discourse, Limbo: De Facto Statehood and Regularity 2. Classical Realism: De Facto Statehood and Exceptionality 3. Somaliland: De Facto Sovereignty in an Exceptional Polity 4. The Democratic League of Kosovo: De Facto Sovereignty in a Parallel State? 5. Kosovo’s Future: De Jure Sovereignty or Exceptional Polity? Conclusion: Borges’s World Map

Lucas Knotter is Lecturer at the University of Bath, UK. He is an Associate Editor for 9DASHLINE. He specialises in themes of secession, state creation, and theories of international politics and security.

• Introduction: De Facto States as Exceptional Polities in International Relations 1. Law, Discourse, Limbo: De Facto Statehood and Regularity 2. Classical Realism: De Facto Statehood and Exceptionality 3. Somaliland: De Facto Sovereignty in an Exceptional Polity 4. The Democratic League of Kosovo: De Facto Sovereignty in a Parallel State? 5. Kosovo’s Future: De Jure Sovereignty or Exceptional Polity? Conclusion: Borges’s World Map