EDITED BY DEVASHISH SHRIVASTAVA, PHD, works for US FDA, served as chair of the ISMRM MR safety study group committee and represented the US in standardization committees dealing with safety in MRI. His background and research interest are in developing validated bioheat transfer models to predict in vivo tissue heating in humans due to the use of medical devices and during occupational and recreational activities.

• List of Contributors to Volume 1 xxv Preface xxvii Supplementary Material xxxi Volume I Section I Theory: Physics 1 1 A Generic Thermal Model for Perfused Tissues 3Devashish Shrivastava 2 Alternate Thermal Models to Predict in vivo Temperatures 15Devashish Shrivastava 3 Thermal Effects of Blood Vessels 25Devashish Shrivastava 4 Generating Blood Vasculature for Bioheat Computations 33David Porter 5 Whole-Body Human Computational Models and the Effect of Clothing 53Daniela Zavec Pavlinic and Eugene H. Wissler 6 Models of the Cardiovascular System 71M. Keith Sharp 7 Lumped Parameter Modeling of Human Respiratory System 119Rachana Visaria 8 Inverse Heat Transfer for Biomedical Applications 133Elaine P. Scott 9 Fundamentals of Propagation of Light in Tissue 153Do-Hyun Kim 10 Ultrasound Propagation in Tissue 167Joshua E. Soneson 11 Electromagnetic Waves and Fields in the Human Body in MRI 183Jinfeng Tian 12 Electromagnetic Distribution in Tissue with Conductive Devices 203John Nyenhuis 13 Techniques for Fast Computation 233David Porter 14 Principles of Temperature Measurement with Temperature Probes in Bioheat Transfer Applications 261Pradyumna Ghosh 15 Non-Invasive Thermometry with Magnetic Resonance Imaging 267Henrik Odéen and Dennis L. Parker 16 Ultrasound Thermography: Principles, Methods, and Experimental Results 301Emad S. Ebbini 17 Thermal Property Measurements 333Jonathan W. Valvano 18 Measurement and Thermal Dependence of Biological Tissue Optical Properties 355William C. Vogt, Jennifer K. Barton, Anant AgrawalandT. Joshua Pfefer 19 Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Tissue 379Anand Gopinath 20 Micro- and Nanoscale Calorimetry for Biomedical Applications 393Harishankar Natesan and John C. Bischof Volume II Section II Theory: Physiology 433 21 Cardiovascular and Metabolic Responses to Thermal Insults 435Thad E. Wilson 22 Morphological and Physiological Considerations for the Modelling of Human Heat Loss 463Nigel A.S. TaylorandSean R. Notley 23 Adjustments in Thermoregulation during Radiofrequency Heating 501Christopher J. Gordon 24 Burn: A Clinical Perspective 513Mayank SinghandSurya Prakash 25 Response of the Thermoregulatory System to Toxic Chemicals 529Christopher J. Gordon 26 Irreversible Tissue Thermal Alterations: Skin Burns, Thermal Damage and Cell Death 553John Pearce 27 Models and Mechanisms of Tissue Injury in Cryosurgery 591Anthony T. Robilotto, John M. Baust, Robert G. Van Buskirk and John G. Baust Section III Applications 619 28 In vivo Radiofrequency Heating in a 3T MRI Scanner 621Jinfeng Tian and Devashish Shrivastava 29 Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment: History, Mechanism, Imaging-Assisted Protocol Design, and Challenges 631Alexander LeBrun and Liang Zhu 30 Modeling Combined Cryosurgery and Hyperthermia with Thermally Significant Blood Vessels 669Gang Zhao, Fazil Panhwar and Zhongrong Chen 31 Cryoablation for the Treatment of Solid Cancers and Pain Management 687Satish Ramadhyani 32 Effect of Blood Flow on MRI-Induced Heating near Stents 715Devashish Shrivastava 33 Skin Burns 723John P. Abraham, Brian D. Plourde, Lauren J. Vallez, Brittany B. Nelson- Cheeseman , John R. Stark, Ephraim M. SparrowandJohn M. Gorman 34 Surface and Endovascular Cooling: Methods, Models, and Measurements 741Thomas L. MerrillandJennifer E. Mitchell 35 Estimation of Wind Chill Equivalent Temperatures (WCETs) 753Avraham Shitzer 36 Temperature Postmortem: Theories, Models, and Measurements 773Michael Hubig, Holger Muggenthaler, Senta Niederegger andGita Mall Index 809

EDITED BY DEVASHISH SHRIVASTAVA, PHD, works for US FDA, served as chair of the ISMRM MR safety study group committee and represented the US in standardization committees dealing with safety in MRI. His background and research interest are in developing validated bioheat transfer models to predict in vivo tissue heating in humans due to the use of medical devices and during occupational and recreational activities.

• List of Contributors to Volume 1 xxv Preface xxvii Supplementary Material xxxi Volume I Section I Theory: Physics 1 1 A Generic Thermal Model for Perfused Tissues 3Devashish Shrivastava 2 Alternate Thermal Models to Predict in vivo Temperatures 15Devashish Shrivastava 3 Thermal Effects of Blood Vessels 25Devashish Shrivastava 4 Generating Blood Vasculature for Bioheat Computations 33David Porter 5 Whole-Body Human Computational Models and the Effect of Clothing 53Daniela Zavec Pavlinic and Eugene H. Wissler 6 Models of the Cardiovascular System 71M. Keith Sharp 7 Lumped Parameter Modeling of Human Respiratory System 119Rachana Visaria 8 Inverse Heat Transfer for Biomedical Applications 133Elaine P. Scott 9 Fundamentals of Propagation of Light in Tissue 153Do-Hyun Kim 10 Ultrasound Propagation in Tissue 167Joshua E. Soneson 11 Electromagnetic Waves and Fields in the Human Body in MRI 183Jinfeng Tian 12 Electromagnetic Distribution in Tissue with Conductive Devices 203John Nyenhuis 13 Techniques for Fast Computation 233David Porter 14 Principles of Temperature Measurement with Temperature Probes in Bioheat Transfer Applications 261Pradyumna Ghosh 15 Non-Invasive Thermometry with Magnetic Resonance Imaging 267Henrik Odéen and Dennis L. Parker 16 Ultrasound Thermography: Principles, Methods, and Experimental Results 301Emad S. Ebbini 17 Thermal Property Measurements 333Jonathan W. Valvano 18 Measurement and Thermal Dependence of Biological Tissue Optical Properties 355William C. Vogt, Jennifer K. Barton, Anant AgrawalandT. Joshua Pfefer 19 Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Tissue 379Anand Gopinath 20 Micro- and Nanoscale Calorimetry for Biomedical Applications 393Harishankar Natesan and John C. Bischof Volume II Section II Theory: Physiology 433 21 Cardiovascular and Metabolic Responses to Thermal Insults 435Thad E. Wilson 22 Morphological and Physiological Considerations for the Modelling of Human Heat Loss 463Nigel A.S. TaylorandSean R. Notley 23 Adjustments in Thermoregulation during Radiofrequency Heating 501Christopher J. Gordon 24 Burn: A Clinical Perspective 513Mayank SinghandSurya Prakash 25 Response of the Thermoregulatory System to Toxic Chemicals 529Christopher J. Gordon 26 Irreversible Tissue Thermal Alterations: Skin Burns, Thermal Damage and Cell Death 553John Pearce 27 Models and Mechanisms of Tissue Injury in Cryosurgery 591Anthony T. Robilotto, John M. Baust, Robert G. Van Buskirk and John G. Baust Section III Applications 619 28 In vivo Radiofrequency Heating in a 3T MRI Scanner 621Jinfeng Tian and Devashish Shrivastava 29 Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment: History, Mechanism, Imaging-Assisted Protocol Design, and Challenges 631Alexander LeBrun and Liang Zhu 30 Modeling Combined Cryosurgery and Hyperthermia with Thermally Significant Blood Vessels 669Gang Zhao, Fazil Panhwar and Zhongrong Chen 31 Cryoablation for the Treatment of Solid Cancers and Pain Management 687Satish Ramadhyani 32 Effect of Blood Flow on MRI-Induced Heating near Stents 715Devashish Shrivastava 33 Skin Burns 723John P. Abraham, Brian D. Plourde, Lauren J. Vallez, Brittany B. Nelson- Cheeseman , John R. Stark, Ephraim M. SparrowandJohn M. Gorman 34 Surface and Endovascular Cooling: Methods, Models, and Measurements 741Thomas L. MerrillandJennifer E. Mitchell 35 Estimation of Wind Chill Equivalent Temperatures (WCETs) 753Avraham Shitzer 36 Temperature Postmortem: Theories, Models, and Measurements 773Michael Hubig, Holger Muggenthaler, Senta Niederegger andGita Mall Index 809

EDITED BY DEVASHISH SHRIVASTAVA, PHD, works for US FDA, served as chair of the ISMRM MR safety study group committee and represented the US in standardization committees dealing with safety in MRI. His background and research interest are in developing validated bioheat transfer models to predict in vivo tissue heating in humans due to the use of medical devices and during occupational and recreational activities.

• List of Contributors to Volume 1 xxv Preface xxvii Supplementary Material xxxi Volume I Section I Theory: Physics 1 1 A Generic Thermal Model for Perfused Tissues 3Devashish Shrivastava 2 Alternate Thermal Models to Predict in vivo Temperatures 15Devashish Shrivastava 3 Thermal Effects of Blood Vessels 25Devashish Shrivastava 4 Generating Blood Vasculature for Bioheat Computations 33David Porter 5 Whole-Body Human Computational Models and the Effect of Clothing 53Daniela Zavec Pavlinic and Eugene H. Wissler 6 Models of the Cardiovascular System 71M. Keith Sharp 7 Lumped Parameter Modeling of Human Respiratory System 119Rachana Visaria 8 Inverse Heat Transfer for Biomedical Applications 133Elaine P. Scott 9 Fundamentals of Propagation of Light in Tissue 153Do-Hyun Kim 10 Ultrasound Propagation in Tissue 167Joshua E. Soneson 11 Electromagnetic Waves and Fields in the Human Body in MRI 183Jinfeng Tian 12 Electromagnetic Distribution in Tissue with Conductive Devices 203John Nyenhuis 13 Techniques for Fast Computation 233David Porter 14 Principles of Temperature Measurement with Temperature Probes in Bioheat Transfer Applications 261Pradyumna Ghosh 15 Non-Invasive Thermometry with Magnetic Resonance Imaging 267Henrik Odéen and Dennis L. Parker 16 Ultrasound Thermography: Principles, Methods, and Experimental Results 301Emad S. Ebbini 17 Thermal Property Measurements 333Jonathan W. Valvano 18 Measurement and Thermal Dependence of Biological Tissue Optical Properties 355William C. Vogt, Jennifer K. Barton, Anant AgrawalandT. Joshua Pfefer 19 Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Tissue 379Anand Gopinath 20 Micro- and Nanoscale Calorimetry for Biomedical Applications 393Harishankar Natesan and John C. Bischof Volume II Section II Theory: Physiology 433 21 Cardiovascular and Metabolic Responses to Thermal Insults 435Thad E. Wilson 22 Morphological and Physiological Considerations for the Modelling of Human Heat Loss 463Nigel A.S. TaylorandSean R. Notley 23 Adjustments in Thermoregulation during Radiofrequency Heating 501Christopher J. Gordon 24 Burn: A Clinical Perspective 513Mayank SinghandSurya Prakash 25 Response of the Thermoregulatory System to Toxic Chemicals 529Christopher J. Gordon 26 Irreversible Tissue Thermal Alterations: Skin Burns, Thermal Damage and Cell Death 553John Pearce 27 Models and Mechanisms of Tissue Injury in Cryosurgery 591Anthony T. Robilotto, John M. Baust, Robert G. Van Buskirk and John G. Baust Section III Applications 619 28 In vivo Radiofrequency Heating in a 3T MRI Scanner 621Jinfeng Tian and Devashish Shrivastava 29 Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment: History, Mechanism, Imaging-Assisted Protocol Design, and Challenges 631Alexander LeBrun and Liang Zhu 30 Modeling Combined Cryosurgery and Hyperthermia with Thermally Significant Blood Vessels 669Gang Zhao, Fazil Panhwar and Zhongrong Chen 31 Cryoablation for the Treatment of Solid Cancers and Pain Management 687Satish Ramadhyani 32 Effect of Blood Flow on MRI-Induced Heating near Stents 715Devashish Shrivastava 33 Skin Burns 723John P. Abraham, Brian D. Plourde, Lauren J. Vallez, Brittany B. Nelson- Cheeseman , John R. Stark, Ephraim M. SparrowandJohn M. Gorman 34 Surface and Endovascular Cooling: Methods, Models, and Measurements 741Thomas L. MerrillandJennifer E. Mitchell 35 Estimation of Wind Chill Equivalent Temperatures (WCETs) 753Avraham Shitzer 36 Temperature Postmortem: Theories, Models, and Measurements 773Michael Hubig, Holger Muggenthaler, Senta Niederegger andGita Mall Index 809