Alan Bowman is Camden Professor of Ancient History and Fellow of Braesenose College, Oxford. He is author of Egypt after the Pharaohs and Life and Letters on the Roman Frontier, and editor of vols X-XII of the new edition of the Cambridge Ancient History.J David Thomas is Emeritus Professor of Papyrology, University of Durham. He is the author of The Ptolemaic and Roman Epistrategos and joint editor of the series The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, to which he has contributed numerous editions of Greek papyri from Egypt.