The Ethics of Pediatric Research

Inbunden, Engelska, 2010

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Millions of children suffer from diseases and illnesses that do not have adequate treatment, and many other children are harmed by medicines intended to help them. In order to protect and help these children, society must conduct pediatric research to identify safer and more effective medical treatments. This research requires exposing some children to risks for the benefit of others. Yet, critics and courts have argued that it is unethical to expose children to research risks for the benefit of others, and this practice seems to violate our obligation to protect children from harm and exploitation. In this way, clinical research with children presents us with what appears to be an irresolvable dilemma: either we can protect pediatric subjects from exploitation, or we can protect pediatric patients from dangerous medicines, but not both. The Ethics of Pediatric Research is the first work to systematically evaluate this dilemma, and David Wendler offers an original justification for pediatric research based on an in-depth analysis of when it is in our interests to help others. It will be of interest primarily to scholars in pediatric ethics and clinical research ethics.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2010-03-18
Mått239 x 163 x 35 mm
Vikt709 g
FormatInbunden
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor352
FörlagOUP USA
ISBN9780199730087

Tillhör följande kategorier

Medicinsk utrustning och medicinska tekniker inom Medicin
Pediatrik inom Medicin

CHAPTER 1: PREFACE A. A Vaccine for RotavirusB. The Prevalence of non-Beneficial Pediatric ResearchC. Questioning the Acceptability of non-Beneficial Pediatric ResearchD. Method of the BookE. Lessons LearnedF. An Initial ExampleG. Outline of the ArgumentCHAPTER 2: BACKGROUNDA. Scope of the DebateB. Terms of the DebateC. History of Abuses, Early GuidelinesD. Current RegulationsE. Efforts to Increase Pediatric ResearchF. The Legal LandscapeG. The (Few) Pediatric Research CasesCHAPTER 3: EVALUATING THE WORRYA. Ramsey's ArgumentB. The Value of ConsentC. When is Consent Necessary? D. Why is Consent Valuable?E. Clarifying the WorryF. McCormick's ResponseG. The Negligible Risks ThresholdH. The Risks of Daily Life ThresholdI. The Routine Examinations ThresholdJ. Appeal to Long Term BenefitsK. Helping Children as a GroupCHAPTER 4: PROPOSED JUSTIFICATIONSA. The Argument thus FarB. Utilitarianism as an EpithetC. The Scope of Parental AuthorityD. Teaching Children to Be MoralE. Children's Moral ObligationsF. The View from Behind the Veil of IgnoranceCHAPTER 5: HUMAN INTERESTS AND HUMAN CAUSESA. Brief RecapitulationB. Three Conditions on an Acceptable AccountC. Brief (and Prospective) SummaryD. Three Questions on Our InterestsE. Five Categories of InterestsF. All Things Considered InterestsG. Interested in Versus in One's InterestsH. The Causal Nexus of Our LivesI. The Personal Significance of Making a Contribution: 5 FactorsCHAPTER 6: OUR CONNECTION TO OUR CONTRIBUTIONSA. The Present ChapterB. Our (Tenuous?) Connection to ChildhoodC. The Value of Youthful ContributionsD. Saying Something PositiveE. Are Contributions Necessarily Active? F. Striving versus ContributingG. The Influence and Importance of Causal InputsH. In the Valley of KingsCHAPTER 7: THE VALUE OF PASSIVE CONTRIBUTIONSA. The Virtuous KKK MemberB. Nazi Era ChildrenC. The Reluctant PropagandistD. The Normative Asymmetry ThesisE. Contributing without TryingF. Children in Operas, Infants at Political RalliesG. The Calamitous DiscoveryH. The Ubiquity of Competing ConsiderationsI. Making Decisions for ChildrenJ. The Value of Making a ContributionCHAPTER 8: IMPLICATIONS FOR NON-BENEFICIAL PEDIATRIC RESEARCHA. Limits on the Personal Value of Passive ContributionsB. Moral Claims on 3rd PartiesC. The Necessity of ValueD. Minimal Risks and Sliding ScalesE. Exceptional CasesF. Adults and Older Children FirstG. Children Helping Adults CHAPTER 9: OBJECTIONS AND THE POTENTIAL FOR ABUSEA. You Will Eat Your SpinachB. The Unfairness of it AllC. What Happened to Autonomy? D. Giving Comfort to Scoundrels? E. The Potential for AbuseF. Worries about DistributionCHAPTER 10: CONCLUSIONNotesIndex