The Early Settlement of North America

Gary Haynes is Foundation Professor of Anthropology at the University of Nevada, Reno. For eight years (2003–2011) he was President of the Commission on Palaeoecology and Human Evolution in INQUA (the International Union for Quaternary Research). He has done fieldwork research on free-roaming elephants in southern Africa for over 30 years, and has also specialized in the study of earliest American Paleoindian cultures. Current research is focused on Zimbabwean prehistory and paleoenvironments.

• Part I. Fluted Points and the Peopling of the Americas: 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Fin de siècle paradigm-busting, or what's at stake in the debate about the colonizing of North America?; 1.3. How do archaeologists address the big unanswered questions about Fluted-Point-Makers?; Part II. What is Clovis? The Archaeological Record: 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Clovis archaeological footprints, region by region; 2.3. Knowledge and guesswork about the late Pleistocene; 2.4. Defining Clovis: is it a culture? 2.5. The course of regional developments: the megamammal connection; Part III. Clovis Archaeological Culture: 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Clovis-era technology; 3.3. Clovis-era megamammal bone-breakage; 3.4. Clovis-era artwork, decorative work, 'symbolic' objects; Part IV. The Old and New World Patterns Compared: 4.1. Dispersals and diffusions: old world Upper Paleolithic and new world Clovis; 4.2. The American Upper Paleolithic; Part V. Figures in the Landscape: Foraging in the Clovis Era: 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Archaeological evidence about hunting and gathering in megamammal landscapes; 5.3. Why hunt megamammals? Why not hunt megamammals? Conclusions from Part V. Figures in the Landscapes: Part VI. Colonizing Foragers: 6.1. Introduction; 6.2. Colonization theory. Conclusions from Part VI: Complexity in Clovis dispersals; Part VII. Unified Conclusions about the Clovis Era: 7.1. Introduction; 7.2. The end.

'I found The Early Settlement of North America most impressive. Haynes presents a wide-ranging, lively, detailed discussion of his ideas and supporting data. He provides a rich supply of interpretations and testable hypotheses, which will generate continued debate on a host of seemingly intractable topics centered on the peopling of the New World.' Science