Larry May is W. Alton Jones Professor of Philosophy, Law, and Political Science at Vanderbilt University, Tennessee. He has published over thirty books, including War Crimes and Just War (Cambridge, 2007), After War Ends (Cambridge, 2012), and Contingent Pacifism (Cambridge, 2015).

• Introduction Larry May; Part I. Historical Background: 1. Just War tradition in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages John Mark Mattox; 2. Grotius and the early modern tradition Johan Olsthoorn; Part II. Initiating a Just War: 3. State defense Yitzhak Benbaji; 4. Just cause Uwe Steinhoff; 5. The condition of last resort Suzanne Uniacke; 6. The moral problems of asymmetric war Steve Lee; Part III. Conducting a Just War: 7. Individual self-defense in war Lionel McPherson; 8. Distinction and civilian immunity Shannon French; 9. Proportionality and necessity in Bello Jovanna Davidovic; 10. Weighing civilian lives: domestic versus foreign Saba Bazargan-Forward; 11. Drone warfare and the principle of discrimination Eric Joseph Ritter; Part IV. Just War and International Legal Theory: 12. Jus ad Bellum Larry May; 13. The basic structure of Jus in Bello Jens David Ohlin; 14. Necessity and proportionality in international law Adil Haque; 15. Humanitarianism: neutrality, impartiality, and humanity Elizabeth Lanphier; 16. The challenge to the laws of war by Islamic Jihad Shannon Fyfe; Afterword Henry Shue.

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