Nicholas Attfield is Associate Professor in Music at the University of Birmingham. He is author of Challenging the Modern: Conservative Revolution in German Music, 1918–1933 (Oxford/British Academy, 2017) and editor (with Ben Winters) of the volume Music, Modern Culture, and the Critical Ear (Routledge, 2017). Ben Earle is Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Music at the University of Birmingham. He is author of Luigi Dallapiccola and Musical Modernism in Fascist Italy (Cambridge, 2013), and a variety of journal articles, reviews and book chapters.