Terrestrial and Inland Water Environment of the Kaliningrad Region

Vladimir A. GritsenkoImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia  Vadim V. SivkovAtlantic Branch, P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Prospekt Mira 1, 236022 Kaliningrad, Russia  Artem V. YurovImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia  Andrey G. KostianoyP.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Nakhimovsky pr. 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia

• Introduction.- Mineral Resources of the Kaliningrad Region.- Amber Deposition in the Kaliningrad Region.- Composition of Pre-Quaternary Surface and Quaternary Sediments Allocation on the Territory of the Kaliningrad Region.- Pleistocene Deposits in the Kaliningrad Region.- Modern Landscapes in the Kaliningrad Region.- The history and pattern of forest and peatland formation in the Kaliningrad Region during the Holocene.- Eolian Coastal Marine Natural Systems in the Kaliningrad Region.- Factors and Patterns of Current Development of Territorial Units in the Kaliningrad Region.- Specific features of urban geosystems in the Kaliningrad Region.-  Environmental Features of Water  Sources in the Kaliningrad Region.- Formation and Re-Distribution of the River Runoff in the Catchment of Pregolya River.- Hydrobiological Characteristics of Water Bodies of the Kaliningrad Region.- The Structure and Composition of Biological Communities in the Prgolya River (Vistula Lagoon, The Baltic Sea).- Phytoplankton Community of Small Rivers of the Pregolya River Basin.- Flora and vegetation of the small rivers of the Pregolya River system in the Kaliningrad Region.-  The protection conditions of the groundwater against pollution in the Kaliningrad region.- Current Status of the  Lake Vistytis in the Kaliningrad Region.-  Specially Protected Natural Areas of the Kaliningrad Region.- The Reduction in the Beach Area as the Main Limiting Factor for Sustainable Tourism Development (case for the Kaliningrad Oblast).- Rare and Protected Macrophytes and Semi-Aquatic Plants of the Flora of the Kaliningrad Region.- Conclusions.