Alean Al-Krenawi, Ph.D., is an accomplished academic and researcher who has held several leadership roles in various universities worldwide. He currently serves as the Dean and Professor at the Faculty of Humanities, Social Science, and Cross-Cultural Studies at Algoma University in Ontario, Canada.

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentList of Figures and Tables1 Introduction2 Refugees1 Refugees—A Global Perspective2 The Syrian Refugee Crisis3 Refugee Experiences4 Refugee Coping Strategies5 The Economic Cost of Refugees6 The Social Cost of Refugees7 Refugees’ Strain on Public Services8 Refugee Shelter and Housing9 Refugee Camps10 Employment among Refugees11 Early and Forced Marriage12 Refugee Child Labor3 The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan1 Living Conditions in Jordan2 Syrian Refugees in Jordan3 Refugee Living Conditions in Jordan4 Healthcare for Syrian Refugees5 Refugee Camps in Jordan6 Al Zaʾatari Refugee Camp7 The Ministries and NGO s Combating the Syrian Refugee Crisis8 UNHCR Involvement in the Syrian Refugee Crisis9 Jordanian Plan for the Syrian Refugee Crisis in 2015, 2016–201810 Economic Implications of the Syrian Refugee Crisis on the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan4 Human Rights and Refugees1 Human Rights in General2 Human Rights and Refugees3 Violations of Human Rights & Refugees4 The Human Right to Healthcare5 Refugee Healthcare6 Healthcare Access and Health Concerns among Refugees Living in Camps7 Mental Health Services in Jordan Provided by local and International NGO s8 Welfare Support & Accommodations9 The Human Right to Education10 Human Rights Violations against Refugee Children11 The Human Rights Violation of Child Marriage12 The Human Rights Violations of Child Labor13 The Violation of Human Rights by Violence & Social Conflict14 Gender-Based Violence15 Sexual Violence amongst Syrian Refugees5 The Psychosocial Impact of Refuge and Migration on Refugees1 Vulnerability to Mental Health Problems among Refugees2 Migration Journey3 Stages of Migration4 Psychosocial Impacts5 Mental Health Disorders and Psychosocial Distress6 PTSD and Social Support7 Conceptualization of Trauma in the Arab World8 PTSD Terminology in the Arab World9 Depression10 Acculturation among Refugees11 Religion and Mental Health12 Gender Differences13 The Syrian Refugee Crisis and Its Psychosocial Impact14 Crime Rates among Refugees15 Syrian Refugee Family Characteristics16 Refugee Family Functioning17 Poverty among Refugees18 The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Refugees19 The Psychosocial Impact of Refuge on Adolescents20 Syrian Refugee Adolescents21 Adolescents’ Coping Strategies6 Methodology1 Study Parts2 Part One3 Part Two: Culturally Sensitive Mental Health Practices and Art Therapy4 Part Three: Psychosocial Gender Differences among Syrian Refugee Adolescents in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan7 Findings and Discussion1 The Objectives of the Workshop/Training Program on Culturally Sensitive Mental Health Practices2 Topics Included and Covered in the Workshop/Training Program3 Characteristics of Arab-Muslim Cultures4 Patriarchy and Gender Roles5 Differences in Psychosocial Orientation in Arab Societies6 Cultural Competence7 Levels of Cultural Competency8 Using the Iceberg Model Analogy9 Cultural Empathy10 Factors and Attitudes Affecting Help-Seeking in Arab Societies11 A Collaborative Approach12 Models of Help-Seeking Processes and Strategies among Arab-Muslim People13 The Art Therapy Workshop/Training Program14 Quantitative Study: Gender Differences on the Psychosocial Impact among Syrian Refugee Adolescents8 Integrating Cultural and Religious Components in Mental Health Practice: Implications for Practice with Arab-Muslim Refugees1 The Refugee Problem2 Syrian Culture: Diversity, Religion and Language3 Syrian Refugees at Risk4 Forced Displacement5 Politics and Mental Health6 Addressing Syrian Refugees’ Mental Health7 Culturally Responsive Practice8 Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention9 Culturally Modified Trauma-Focused Treatment10 Adapted Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Special Populations11 Barriers to Mental Healthcare Facing Refugees12 Improving Mental Health Interventions for Refugees13 E-Mental Health Interventions14 Multi-component PM+ and Related Programs15 The STRENGTHS Program16 Biopsychosocial Model Approach for Non-Western Populations17 Psychological versus Metaphoric Language18 Family Therapy with Arab-Muslim Families19 Key Issues When Working with Arab-Muslim Families20 Religion as a Coping Strategy21 Islamic Principles in Treatment with Muslim Clients22 Treatment Approaches with Arab Communities23 Resettlement Interventions24 Difficulties in Treatment25 Conclusions9 Conclusion1 Introduction2 Underutilization of Mental Health Services by the Syrian Refugees3 Social Work Perspective and Refugees4 Culturally Appropriate Intervention5 Recommendations for Mental Health Practitioners Working with Syrian RefugeesReferencesIndex