Sustainable Aviation Technology and Operations

Roberto Sabatini is a Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics with three decades of industrial and academic experience in Europe, North America, Asia-Pacific and the Middle-East. His research addresses key contemporary challenges in aerospace systems design, test and certification, at the intersection between digital transformation, sustainable development and innovation management. He is an advocate of industry-focused education and a leader in research translation for economic and social advancement. Alessandro Gardi is an Assistant Professor in Aerospace Engineering with ten years of experience in aerospace systems research and education. His research focuses on avionics, air traffic management and sustainable aviation technologies for conventional and autonomous aerospace vehicles. In this domain, he specializes in multidisciplinary and multi-objective optimization methods, with emphasis on the application of optimal control and artificial intelligence techniques to design and operational problems.

• List of Contributors viiAbout the Editors ixAbout the Companion Website x1 Sustainable Aviation: An Introduction 1Roberto Sabatini and Alessandro GardiSection I Aviation Sustainability Fundamentals 292 Climate Impacts of Aviation 31Yixiang Lim, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini3 Noise Pollution and Other Environmental and Health Impacts of Aviation 49Alessandro Gardi, Rohan Kapoor, Yixiang Lim, and Roberto SabatiniSection II Systems for Sustainable Aviation 794 Systems Engineering Evolutions 81Anthony Zanetti, Arun Kumar, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini5 Life Cycle Assessment for Carbon Neutrality 113Enda Crossin, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini6 Air Traffic Management and Avionics Systems Evolutions 145Alessandro Gardi, Yixiang Lim, Nichakorn Pongsakornsathien, Roberto Sabatini, and Trevor Kistan7 Optimisation of Flight Trajectories and Airspace 165Alessandro Gardi, Yixiang Lim, and Roberto SabatiniSection III Aerostructures and Propulsive Technologies 2138 Advanced Aerodynamic Configurations 215Matthew Marino, Alessandro Gardi, Roberto Sabatini, and Yixiang Lim9 Lightweight Structures and Advanced Materials 241Raj Das and Joel Galos10 Low-Emission Propulsive Technologies in Transport Aircraft 263Kavindu Ranasinghe, Kai Guan, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini11 Approved Drop-in Biofuels and Prospects for Alternative Aviation Fuels 301Graham DorringtonSection IV Research Case Studies 32312 Overall Contribution of Wingtip Devices to Improving Aircraft Performance 325Nikola Gavrilovi´c, Boško Rašuo, Vladimir Parezanovi´c, George Dulikravich, and Jean-Marc Moschetta13 Integration of Naturally Occurring Materials in Lightweight Aerostructures 343Jose Silva, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini14 Distributed and Hybrid Propulsion: A Tailored Design Methodology 355Martin Burston, Kavindu Ranasinghe, Alessandro Gardi, Vladimir Parezanovic, Rafic Ajaj, and Roberto Sabatini15 Integration of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems in Small Unmanned Aircraft 393Jacob Sliwinski, Alessandro Gardi, Matthew Marino, and Roberto Sabatini16 Benefits and Challenges of Liquid Hydrogen Fuels for Commercial Transport Aircraft 417Stephen Rondinelli, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini17 Multi-Objective Trajectory Optimisation Algorithms for Avionics and ATM Systems 433Alessandro Gardi, Roberto Sabatini, and Trevor Kistan18 Energy-Optimal 4D Guidance and Control for Terminal Descent Operations 457Yixiang Lim, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini19 Contrail Modelling for 4D Trajectory Optimisation 475Yixiang Lim, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini20 Trajectory Optimisation to Minimise the Combined Radiative Forcing Impacts of Contrails and CO2 499Yixiang Lim, Alessandro Gardi, Roberto Sabatini, and Trevor Kistan21 The W Life Cycle Model – San Francisco Airport Case Study 509Anthony Zanetti, Alessandro Gardi, and Roberto Sabatini22 Conclusions and Future Research 517Roberto Sabatini and Alessandro GardiIndex 523