Status of the Dosimetry for the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (DS86)

The Committee on Dosimetry for the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) was set up more than a decade ago at the request of the U.S. Department of Energy. It was charged with monitoring work and experimental results related to the Dosimetry System 1986 (DS86) used by RERF to reconstruct the radiation doses to the survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. At the time it was established, DS86 was believed to be the best available dosimetric system for RERF, but questions have persisted about some features, especially the estimates of neutrons resulting from the Hiroshima bomb. This book describes the current situation, the gamma-ray dosimetry, and such dosimetry issues as thermal-neutron discrepancies between measurement and calculation at various distances in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It recommends approaches to bring those issues to closure and sets the stage for the recently convened U.S. and Japan Working Groups that will develop a new dosimetry for RERF. The book outlines the changes relating to DS86 in the past 15 years, such as improved numbers that go into, and are part of, more sophisticated calculations for determining the radiations from bombs that reach certain distances in air, and encourages incorporation of the changes into a revised dosimetry system.Table of ContentsFront MatterExecutive Summary1. Introduction2. Gamma-Ray Measurements3. Thermal-Neutron and Fast-Neutron Measurements4. Radiation Transport Calculations5. Biological Dosimetry at RERF6. Uncertainty in DS867. Implications for Risk Assessment8. Conclusions and RecommendationsAppendix A: The RERF Dosimetry Measurements Database and Data Collection for the Dosimetry ReassessmentAppendix B: An Uncertainty Analysis of Neutron Activation Measurements in Hiroshima and NagasakiAppendix C: Cosmic-ray Neutron Contribution to Sample ActivationAppendix D: Letter from Committee on Dosimetry to DOEGlossaryReferencesBiosketches