Statistics for Engineers and Managers

This book offers a comprehensive and structured introduction to statistical methods and experimental designs, catering to the needs of students, researchers, and professionals in agriculture, life sciences, social sciences, and allied fields. With clear explanations and practical orientation, the book provides a foundational understanding of how to apply statistical principles to real-world data interpretation and scientific research. The book begins with measures of central tendency and variation, setting the groundwork for understanding the distribution and dispersion of data. It then progresses to probability theory and probability distributions, including concepts of sampling distributions, which are critical for inferential statistics. Chapters on hypothesis testing for means, proportions, and variances equip readers with the tools needed for making sound statistical decisions. The text also covers chi-square tests for goodness of fit and independence of attributes, often used in categorical data analysis. A major highlight of the book is its detailed focus on experimental designs, including Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) techniques. It introduces the reader to Completely Randomized Designs (CRD), Randomized Complete Block Designs (RCBD), and Latin Square Designs, along with advanced setups like Complete Factorial Experiments. The inclusion of Multivariate Analyses makes this book relevant for researchers dealing with complex, multidimensional data. Designed with simplicity and applicability in mind, this book balances theory with practical examples and is ideal for classroom use, research projects, and statistical consulting across various disciplines.