Nigel M. Kennell is an Instructor at the International Center for Hellenic and Mediterranean Studies in Athens, Greece. He is the author of The Gymnasium of Virtue (1995), and has published numerous articles on Spartan history and Greek civic institutions – especially the gymnasium – in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

• List of illustrations vi Map viiIntroduction 11 The Name, the Land, and the Sources 42 Sons of Heracles 203 Conquest, Crisis, and Consolidation 394 From Cleomenes to Pausanias 545 Helots and Perioeci 766 Governing Sparta 937 Leotychidas to Lysander 1158 Agesilaus and the Army 1359 From Archidamus III to Nabis 15910 From the Achaean League to the Roman Empire 181Bibliography 195Index 203

"For those of us not experts in Sparta this is a useful and informative, but occasionally demanding, read." (Bryn Mawr, August 2010)"This is a book that one may with confidence ... place in the hands of anglophone undergraduate students." (Anglo-Hellenic Review, Spring 2010)

Nigel M. Kennell is an Instructor at the International Center for Hellenic and Mediterranean Studies in Athens, Greece. He is the author of The Gymnasium of Virtue (1995), and has published numerous articles on Spartan history and Greek civic institutions – especially the gymnasium – in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

• List of illustrations vi Map viiIntroduction 11 The Name, the Land, and the Sources 42 Sons of Heracles 203 Conquest, Crisis, and Consolidation 394 From Cleomenes to Pausanias 545 Helots and Perioeci 766 Governing Sparta 937 Leotychidas to Lysander 1158 Agesilaus and the Army 1359 From Archidamus III to Nabis 15910 From the Achaean League to the Roman Empire 181Bibliography 195Index 203

"For those of us not experts in Sparta this is a useful and informative, but occasionally demanding, read." (Bryn Mawr, August 2010)"This is a book that one may with confidence ... place in the hands of anglophone undergraduate students." (Anglo-Hellenic Review, Spring 2010)

Nigel M. Kennell is an Instructor at the International Center for Hellenic and Mediterranean Studies in Athens, Greece. He is the author of The Gymnasium of Virtue (1995), and has published numerous articles on Spartan history and Greek civic institutions – especially the gymnasium – in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

• List of illustrations vi Map viiIntroduction 11 The Name, the Land, and the Sources 42 Sons of Heracles 203 Conquest, Crisis, and Consolidation 394 From Cleomenes to Pausanias 545 Helots and Perioeci 766 Governing Sparta 937 Leotychidas to Lysander 1158 Agesilaus and the Army 1359 From Archidamus III to Nabis 15910 From the Achaean League to the Roman Empire 181Bibliography 195Index 203

"For those of us not experts in Sparta this is a useful and informative, but occasionally demanding, read." (Bryn Mawr, August 2010)"This is a book that one may with confidence ... place in the hands of anglophone undergraduate students." (Anglo-Hellenic Review, Spring 2010)