Spanish and the Medical Interview

Pilar Ortega, MD is a board-certified Emergency Physician and Assistant Professor at the U. Illinois at Chicago, where she directs the Medical Spanish program. She is Vice-President of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion for ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education). Dr. Ortega is Co-founder and Chair for the Medical Organization for Latino Advancement (MOLA), a non-profit professional association whose goal is to increase the number of Hispanic and bilingual physicians and to improve the health of Hispanics in the U.S. Dr. Ortega is the director of the recently developed U.S. National Medical Spanish Taskforce-a group of interdisciplinary and inter-institutional leaders who are developing an evidence-based process for Medical Spanish standardization and language concordance research in medical settings. She is internationally recognized for her contributions on the topics of language concordance in health, linguistic competency assessment, and Medical Spanish education.

• CHAPTER 1Basics of Conversational Spanish1.1 Pronunciation1.2 Syntax and Grammar1.3 Verb Conjugation1.4 Addressing the Patient: Tú versus UstedCHAPTER 2Setting the Stage for the Clinical Encounter2.1 General Greetings2.2 Addressing the Patient2.3 Provider's Introduction2.4 Extended Introduction: Getting to Know the Patient2.5 Setting the AgendaCHAPTER 3History of the Present Illness3.1 Basic Anatomy3.2 Chief Complaint3.3 History of the Present IllnessCHAPTER 4Past Medical History and Review of Systems4.1 Past Medical History of Chronic Diseases4.2 Past Medical History of Acute Diseases4.3 Past Surgical History4.4 Review of SystemsCHAPTER 5Medications and Drug Effects5.1 Medication History5.2 Allergy History5.3 Medication Instructions5.4 Drug Side Effects5.5 Diabetes MedicationCHAPTER 6Family History6.1 Naming Family Members6.2 Talking about Family Life and Health6.3 Family HistoryCHAPTER 7Social and Sexual History7.1 Assuring the Patient of Confidentiality7.2 Social History7.3 Travel History and Special Exposures7.4 Substance Use History7.5 Sexual History7.6 Review of Reproductive SystemsCHAPTER 8Mental Health and Cognition8.1 General Mental Health 8.2 Spirituality and Health8.3 Cognitive Assessment8.4 Psychiatric History and Review of SystemsCHAPTER 9Preventive Health and Nutrition9.1 Access to Preventive Medical Care9.2 Preventive Routine Screening Tests9.3 Adult Immunization History9.4 Exercise and Adult Health Safety Screening9.5 Diet History9.6 Body Mass Index, Special Diets, and RecommendationsCHAPTER 10Pediatrics10.1 Addressing the Pediatric Patient10.2 Pregnancy, Delivery, and Neonatal History10.3 Developmental History10.4 Pediatric Safety10.5 Immunization History10.6 Infant Diet10.7 Common Pediatric IllnessesCHAPTER 11Physical Examination11.1 General Physical Examination11.2 Specialized Physical Examination11.3 Physical FindingsCHAPTER 12Procedures and Informed Consent12.1 Informed Consent12.2 Discussing Common Procedures12.3 Discussing Emergent Procedures12.4 Advanced DirectivesCHAPTER 13Impression and Plan13.1 Physician's Impression13.2 Plan of Care: Additional Testing13.3 Plan of Care: Treatment and Follow-up13.4 Discussing Test Results13.5 Delivering Bad News13.6 System-Based Summary of Impression and Plan13.7 Concluding the VisitCHAPTER 14 Knowing your Limitations: When and How to Use a Medical Interpreter14.1 When to Use a Medical Interpreter14.2 Types of Medical Interpretation14.3 Working Effectively with a Medical InterpreterAPPENDIXAbbreviated Spanish Medical Interview GuideExtended Spanish Medical Interview GuideANSWER KEYBIBLIOGRAPHYINDEX