Space Treaties at Crossroads

Maria Manoli is a doctoral candidate and an Erin JC Arsenault doctoral fellow in space governance at the Institute of Air and Space Law (IASL) of the McGill Faculty of Law. Prior to her doctoral studies, she obtained a LLM in Air and Space Law from the same Institute. Her LLM thesis in space law received a “Constantine Economides” distinction by the Hellenic Association for International Law and International Relations. In addition, she holds a LLM in Public International Law, and a LLM in Civil Law from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, where she also completed her undergraduate law degree with honors.In the past, Manoli has been a teaching fellow in Public International Law at the McGill Faculty of Law and coached the Manfred Lachs Space Law Moot Court teams of the IASL from 2014 to 2017 with multiple awards and distinctions. She has interned with and worked for governmental, non-governmental, and international organizations such as the Permanent Representation of Greece at the International Civil Aviation Organization, the Secure World Foundation, the Hellenic Competition Commission, the Legal Council of Greece, and the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization. Maria has clerked at the Public Prosecutor’s Office of the Athens Court of Appeals and she is a lawyer registered at the Athens Bar Association. In 2017, she participated as a researcher in the Centre for Studies and Research in International Law and International Relations “50 Years of Space Law – Space Law in 50 Years” at The Hague Academy of International Law. During her studies she has received several fellowships and awards, such as the Erin J  Arsenault Fellowship in Space Governance for her master’s and doctoral studies at McGill, the Nicolas M Matte Prize, the RE Morrow QC Fellowship, multiple graduate excellence awards, and many research travel funds and awards. Dr. George D. Kyriakopoulos is an Assistant Professor of International Law at the School of Law of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Since 2014, he has been a visiting Professor in Air & Space Law at the Panteion University, Athens. He is also Attorney at Law and member of the Athens Bar Association. In the past, Dr. Kyriakopoulos has served as Professor of International and Air Law at the Military Aviation Academy, legal adviser to the Minister of National Defense (Greek Government) in Air Law and International Law matters and member of the Greek Air Accident Investigation and Aviation Safety Board. Dr. Kyriakopoulos is a Member of the Board of Directors of the Hellenic Society of International Law and International Relations and is the Point of contact (Greece) for the European Center of Space Law (ECSL), being also a member of the International Institute of Space Law (IISL). He has been a core drafter and reviewer for the International Study on Global Space Governance (GSG) undertakenby the Institute of Air and Space Law of the McGill University. He is currently member of the Space Law Committee of the International Law Association (ILA), and Rapporteur to the Scientific Council of the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs, while he has been appointed as delegate for Greece at ICAO, UNCOPUOS and COSPAS-SARSAT. Dr. Kyriakopoulos completed his BA in Law Studies at the School of Law of the University of Athens. He then pursued a DEA in International Law and a DEA in Political Science at Paris 2 University, France. Dr. Kyriakopoulos earned his PhD in International Law from Paris 2 University (Subject: “La sécurité de l’aviation civile en droit international public”), where his dissertation was awarded the Prix de thèse of the French Society of Air and Space Law.

• Acknowledgements.- Foreword.- Preface.- Chapter 1: Positive Space Law and Privatization of Outer Space: Fundamental Antinomies.- Chapter 2: Interpreting the UN Space Treaties as the Basis for a Sustainable Regime of Space Resource Exploitation.- Chapter 3: The Effectiveness and Applicability of the Moon Agreement in the 21st Century: Will there be a Future?.- Chapter 4: The Interplay between Space Law and International Investment Law: Local Equity Requirements as a Model for Standards of Global Action in the Uses of Outer Space.- Chapter 5: From Little Things, Big Things Grow: How Should We Regulate the Commercial Utilization of Small Satellite Technology?.- Chapter 6: Using space objects in orbit as transaction objects: Issues of liability and registration de lege lata and de lege ferenda.- Chapter 7: Is the launching State the only "appropriate State" to register a space object? Change of registry in case of change of ownership.- Chapter 8: From Sea to OuterSpace and back. Political, Economic and Environmental Considerations for Ocean-Based Space Launching Activities.- Chapter 9: Judicial Settlement of Space – Related Disputes: Sovereignty’s Final Fetters.- Chapter 10: The Legacy of the Dinosaurs: Regulation of Planetary Defence and Near Earth Objects at a Global Level.- Chapter 11: Legal Challenges of the New Space Race to Mars – Proposal for the Use of a Three Tier Legal Framework.- Chapter 12: The consolidation of the five UN Space Treaties into one comprehensive and modernized Law of Outer Space Convention: towards a Global Space Organization.