DAVID N. PLANK is Associate Professor in the School of Education at the University of Pittsburgh. His previous publications on southern educational history have appeared in journals including History of Education Quarterly, American Journal of Education, and Journal of Urban History.RICK GINSBERG is Associate Professor in the College of Education at the University of South Carolina. His historical work on urban education and school reform has appeared in journals including Issues in Education, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, and Midwest Journal of Educational History.