Soil Liquefaction

Mike Jefferies is a registered professional engineer (AB, BC: Canada). Graduating in civil engineering from King’s College in London, his interest in theoretical soil mechanics led to a MSc from Imperial College. Shortly thereafter Mike immigrated to Canada, joining Golder Associates in 1978 and with whom he has worked worldwide. In 2009 independence beckoned and Mike now splits his work between pursuing advances in geomechanics and the more usual diet of a review consultant across a range of dam, mining, and offshore projects.Ken Been obtained his engineering education at the University of Cape Town in South Africa before going on to do his D.Phil in soil mechanics at the University of Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar. Since 1981 he has worked for Golder Associates in Canada, the U.K., Germany, and the USA, providing geotechnical engineering consulting to the oil and gas, mining, and civil infrastructure industry worldwide from the equator to the Arctic. He is a chartered engineer in the UK and a registered professional engineer in several Canadian provinces.

• 1. Introduction 2. Dilatancy and the State Parameter 3. Constitutive Modelling for Liquefaction 4. Determining State Parameter In-Situ 5. Soil Variability and Characteristic States 6. Static Liquefaction and Post-Liquefaction Strength 7. Cyclic Stress-Induced Liquefaction (Cyclic Mobility and Softening) 8. Finite Element Modelling of Soil Liquefaction 9. Practical Implementation of Critical State Approach 10, Concluding Remarks Appendixes A. Stress and Strain Measures B. Laboratory Testing to Determine the Critical State of Sands C. NorSand Derivations D. Numerical Modelling of NorSand E. Calibration Chamber Test Data F. Some Case Histories Involving Liquefaction Flow Failure G. Seismic Liquefaction Case Histories H. Cam Clay as a Special Case of NorSand References