About the EditorsJavid A. Parray, Department of Environmental Sciences, GDC Eidgah Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaAbeer Hashem Abd Elkhalek Mahmoud, Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., and Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Riyaz Sayyed, Department of Microbiology, PSGVPM’S ASC College, Shahada, India

• List of Contributors viiPreface xiii1 In-situ Bioremediation: An Eco-sustainable Approach for the Decontamination of Polluted Sites 1Shamsul Haq, Asma Absar Bhatti, Suhail Ahmad Bhat, Shafat Ahmad Mir, and Ansar ul Haq2 Bioremediation: A Green Solution to avoid Pollution of the Environment 15Muhammad Mahroz Hussain, Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi, Junaid Latif, Muhammad Umair Mubarak, and Fazila Younas3 Laccase: The Blue Copper Oxidase 41Deepa Thomas and A.K.Gangawane4 Genome Assessment: Functional Gene Identification Involved in Heavy Metal Tolerance and Detoxification 51Uttara Mahapatra, Ayantika Pal, Ajay Kumar Manna, and Dijendra Nath Roy5 Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Ions Contaminated Soil 87Agnieszka Saeid, Liliana Cepoi, Magdalena Jastrzębska, and Philiswa N. Nomngongo6 Bioremediation of Dye Contaminated Soil 115Manikant Tripathi, Shailendra Kumar, Durgesh Narain Singh, Rajeev Pandey, Neelam Pathak, and Hera Fatima7 Composting and Bioremediation Potential of Thermophiles 143Mohammad Yaseen Mir, Saima Hamid, Gulab Khan Rohela, Javid A. Parray, and Azra N. Kamili8 Ecological Perspectives of Halophilic Fungi and their Role in Bioremediation 175Shekhar Jain, Devendra Kumar Choudhary, and Ajit Varma9 Rhizobacteria-Mediated Bioremediation: Insights and Future Perspectives 193Vijay Kant Dixit, Sankalp Misra, Shashank Kumar Mishra, Namita Joshi, and Puneet Singh Chauhan10 Bioremediation Potential of Rhizobacteria associated with Plants Under Abiotic Metal Stress 213Shrvan Kumar, Saroj Belbase, Asha Sinha, Mukesh Kumar Singh, Brajesh Kumar Mishra, and Ravindra Kumar11 Molecular and Enzymatic Mechanism Pathways of Degradation of Pesticides Pollutants 257Rangasamy Kirubakaran, Athiappan Murugan, and Javid A. Parray12 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals and Other Toxic Substances by Microorganisms 285Dhaneshwar Padhan, Pragyan Paramita Rout, Ritesh Kundu, Samrat Adhikary, and Purbasha Priyadarshini Padhi13 Trends in Heavy Metal Remediation: An Environmental Perspective 331Baba Uqab, Gousia Jeelani, Sabeehah Rehman, B.A. Ganai, Ruqeya Nazir, and Javid A. ParrayIndex 349

About the EditorsJavid A. Parray, Department of Environmental Sciences, GDC Eidgah Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaAbeer Hashem Abd Elkhalek Mahmoud, Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., and Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Riyaz Sayyed, Department of Microbiology, PSGVPM’S ASC College, Shahada, India

• List of Contributors viiPreface xiii1 In-situ Bioremediation: An Eco-sustainable Approach for the Decontamination of Polluted Sites 1Shamsul Haq, Asma Absar Bhatti, Suhail Ahmad Bhat, Shafat Ahmad Mir, and Ansar ul Haq2 Bioremediation: A Green Solution to avoid Pollution of the Environment 15Muhammad Mahroz Hussain, Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi, Junaid Latif, Muhammad Umair Mubarak, and Fazila Younas3 Laccase: The Blue Copper Oxidase 41Deepa Thomas and A.K.Gangawane4 Genome Assessment: Functional Gene Identification Involved in Heavy Metal Tolerance and Detoxification 51Uttara Mahapatra, Ayantika Pal, Ajay Kumar Manna, and Dijendra Nath Roy5 Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Ions Contaminated Soil 87Agnieszka Saeid, Liliana Cepoi, Magdalena Jastrzębska, and Philiswa N. Nomngongo6 Bioremediation of Dye Contaminated Soil 115Manikant Tripathi, Shailendra Kumar, Durgesh Narain Singh, Rajeev Pandey, Neelam Pathak, and Hera Fatima7 Composting and Bioremediation Potential of Thermophiles 143Mohammad Yaseen Mir, Saima Hamid, Gulab Khan Rohela, Javid A. Parray, and Azra N. Kamili8 Ecological Perspectives of Halophilic Fungi and their Role in Bioremediation 175Shekhar Jain, Devendra Kumar Choudhary, and Ajit Varma9 Rhizobacteria-Mediated Bioremediation: Insights and Future Perspectives 193Vijay Kant Dixit, Sankalp Misra, Shashank Kumar Mishra, Namita Joshi, and Puneet Singh Chauhan10 Bioremediation Potential of Rhizobacteria associated with Plants Under Abiotic Metal Stress 213Shrvan Kumar, Saroj Belbase, Asha Sinha, Mukesh Kumar Singh, Brajesh Kumar Mishra, and Ravindra Kumar11 Molecular and Enzymatic Mechanism Pathways of Degradation of Pesticides Pollutants 257Rangasamy Kirubakaran, Athiappan Murugan, and Javid A. Parray12 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals and Other Toxic Substances by Microorganisms 285Dhaneshwar Padhan, Pragyan Paramita Rout, Ritesh Kundu, Samrat Adhikary, and Purbasha Priyadarshini Padhi13 Trends in Heavy Metal Remediation: An Environmental Perspective 331Baba Uqab, Gousia Jeelani, Sabeehah Rehman, B.A. Ganai, Ruqeya Nazir, and Javid A. ParrayIndex 349

About the EditorsJavid A. Parray, Department of Environmental Sciences, GDC Eidgah Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaAbeer Hashem Abd Elkhalek Mahmoud, Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., and Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Riyaz Sayyed, Department of Microbiology, PSGVPM’S ASC College, Shahada, India

• List of Contributors viiPreface xiii1 In-situ Bioremediation: An Eco-sustainable Approach for the Decontamination of Polluted Sites 1Shamsul Haq, Asma Absar Bhatti, Suhail Ahmad Bhat, Shafat Ahmad Mir, and Ansar ul Haq2 Bioremediation: A Green Solution to avoid Pollution of the Environment 15Muhammad Mahroz Hussain, Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi, Junaid Latif, Muhammad Umair Mubarak, and Fazila Younas3 Laccase: The Blue Copper Oxidase 41Deepa Thomas and A.K.Gangawane4 Genome Assessment: Functional Gene Identification Involved in Heavy Metal Tolerance and Detoxification 51Uttara Mahapatra, Ayantika Pal, Ajay Kumar Manna, and Dijendra Nath Roy5 Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Ions Contaminated Soil 87Agnieszka Saeid, Liliana Cepoi, Magdalena Jastrzębska, and Philiswa N. Nomngongo6 Bioremediation of Dye Contaminated Soil 115Manikant Tripathi, Shailendra Kumar, Durgesh Narain Singh, Rajeev Pandey, Neelam Pathak, and Hera Fatima7 Composting and Bioremediation Potential of Thermophiles 143Mohammad Yaseen Mir, Saima Hamid, Gulab Khan Rohela, Javid A. Parray, and Azra N. Kamili8 Ecological Perspectives of Halophilic Fungi and their Role in Bioremediation 175Shekhar Jain, Devendra Kumar Choudhary, and Ajit Varma9 Rhizobacteria-Mediated Bioremediation: Insights and Future Perspectives 193Vijay Kant Dixit, Sankalp Misra, Shashank Kumar Mishra, Namita Joshi, and Puneet Singh Chauhan10 Bioremediation Potential of Rhizobacteria associated with Plants Under Abiotic Metal Stress 213Shrvan Kumar, Saroj Belbase, Asha Sinha, Mukesh Kumar Singh, Brajesh Kumar Mishra, and Ravindra Kumar11 Molecular and Enzymatic Mechanism Pathways of Degradation of Pesticides Pollutants 257Rangasamy Kirubakaran, Athiappan Murugan, and Javid A. Parray12 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals and Other Toxic Substances by Microorganisms 285Dhaneshwar Padhan, Pragyan Paramita Rout, Ritesh Kundu, Samrat Adhikary, and Purbasha Priyadarshini Padhi13 Trends in Heavy Metal Remediation: An Environmental Perspective 331Baba Uqab, Gousia Jeelani, Sabeehah Rehman, B.A. Ganai, Ruqeya Nazir, and Javid A. ParrayIndex 349