Smart Materials and Biosensors for Wastewater Treatment offers a comprehensive and interdisciplinary exploration of how cutting-edge materials and sensing technologies are transforming water quality management. Bridging environmental science, chemical engineering, biotechnology, and sensor technology, this volume presents a detailed overview of smart materials—such as functional composites, nanomaterials, and stimuli-responsive polymers—and their integration with biosensors for high-sensitivity, real-time pollutant detection. Readers will gain insight into the principles and classifications of biosensors, the role of smart materials in enhancing sensor performance, and the dual functionality of nanomaterials in both remediation and sensing. The book features in-depth case studies, practical applications, and the latest research on intelligent systems that combine smart materials, biosensors, and digital technologies like IoT and AI for continuous monitoring and predictive diagnostics. It also addresses critical topics such as toxicity risks, regulatory frameworks, and challenges in scaling up biosensor technologies. Designed for professionals, researchers, and graduate students, this resource equips readers with the scientific foundation and practical tools needed to implement innovative, cost-effective, and sustainable wastewater treatment solutions across municipal, industrial, and decentralized settings. Whether you're developing next-generation sensors or seeking to enhance existing treatment systems, this book is an essential guide to the future of smart environmental technologies.