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Finally, the historical relationships among women’s survival rates at reproductive age, the theoretical fertility rate to maintain the replacement level and the recorded total fertility rate (TFR) were analyzed.
1 Introduction: The Demographic Impacts from the Great East Japan Earthquake (The Tōhoku Earthquake and Tsunami; The Demographic Impacts; Comparing the Population Projections: Prefectures Level; Comparing the Population Projections: Cities Level; Impacts of the Great East Japan Earthquake; About This Book).- 2 Population Prospects in Japanese Society (From Population Growth to Population Decline; Changing Dependency Ratios as Indicators of Child/Elder Care Cost; Depopulation at Sub-national Level: Shrinking Regions).- 3 Demographic Transition and Child/Elder Care Cost (Optimal Care Cost and Net Reproduction Rate; Historical Change of Optimal Care Cost Curves; The Effects of the Rising Longevity on the Child/Elder Care Cost).- 4 Historical Process and Background of Fertility Decline in Japan (Female Life Expectancy and Survival Rate of Women; Fertility Effects of the Rising Survival Rate of Women of Reproductive Age; Mean Number of Children Ever Born to Women; Decreasing Number of Children; Causal Model of Demographic Transition in Japan; Condition for Recovering the Replacement Fertility Level).- 5 Sustainability of Japan as A Shrinking Society (Increasing Conflicts on the Redistribution between Different Social Groups ; Collapse of Nation's Finances; Social Security Reform).- 6 Policy Measures for A Shrinking Society (Family Policies for Recovering Replacement Fertility; Immigration Policies for Globalization of Japanese Society; Selections and Re-Concentration of Communities).- 7 Epilogue: The Principle of the Sustainable Population (The Principle of the Sustainable Population; Conclusion).