Shadow State

Ivor Chipkin is the founding director of the Public Affairs Research Institute linked to the University of the Witwatersrand and the University of Cape Town, which has been a pioneer in the field of institutional studies in South Africa, bringing social science methods to the study of government and how it works. He was an associate professor at the University of the Witwatersrand.Mark Swilling is Distinguished Professor in Sustainable Development at Stellenbosch University. He is the Masters and Doctoral Programme Coordinator: Sustainable Development in the School of Public Leadership; Co-Director of the Centre for Complex Systems in Transition; and Co-Founder and Academic Director of the Sustainability Institute.Haroon Bhorat is professor of economics and director of the Development Policy Research Unit at the University of Cape Town. He has served as an economic advisor to past ministers of finance and holds a National Research Chair.Mzukisi Qobo is associate professor and deputy director at the NRF Research Chair on African Diplomacy and Foreign Policy, University of Johannesburg. He is also a columnist for the Daily Maverick, and serves on the Board of Corruption Watch.Sikhulekile Duma is a master's student in Sustainable Development at the University of Stellenbosch. He is also a researcher at the University of Stellenbosch's Centre for Complex Systems in Transitions.Lumkile Mondi is a senior lecturer in the School of Economics and Business Science at the University of the Witwatersrand.Camaren Peter is an independent researcher and writer based in Cape Town. He is a physicist by training, but has collaborated across a wide range of disciplinary boundaries over the past two decades. Mbongiseni Buthelezi is the director of the Public Affairs Research Institute (PARI) and an associate professor in the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies at the University of Johannesburg.Hannah Friedenstein (pseudonym) is a financial crime risk specialist and a former journalist. She advises investors entering the African market from a reputation and financial crime risk perspective, as well as working in the civic space against state capture and corruption.Nicky Prins is a freelance analyst, focusing on understanding 'business unusual' practices in South Africa's state-owned entities, in support of efforts to combat corruption. She is a former chief director of the Capital Projects Appraisal Unit at the National Treasury in South Africa.

• List of figures and tablesAbbreviations and acronymsKey termsAcknowledgementsForeword Mcebisi JonasPrologueIntroductionChapter 1 Structuring the Capture of the StateChapter 2 The Politics of BetrayalChapter 3 Power, Authority and Audacity: How the Shadow State Was BuiltChapter 4 Repurposing GovernanceChapter 5 ConclusionAfterword Ferial Haffajee

"The analysis is so brilliant. I can’t think of a better example of how academic research can shape the public debate." - Patrick Heller, Professor of Sociology and International and Public Affairs, Brown University. "This is a compelling example of how committed academics conducting rigorous research and analysis can help crystallize our understanding of fundamental problems in our society." - Blade Nzimande, General Secretary of the South African Communist Party