Shades of Green

Neil A. Gunningham is Professor in the School of Resources, Environment, and Society at the Australian National University. Robert A. Kagan is Director of the Center for the Study of Law and Society and Professor of Law and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Dorothy Thornton is Research Associate at the Center for the Study of Law and Society at the University of California, Berkeley.

• Contents abbreviations---ix the authors---xi 1Introduction---1 2Beyond-Compliance Corporate Environmental Perform- ance: Theory and Evidence---20 3The License to Operate and Corporate Environmental Performance---41 4The License to Operate and Interfirm Differences---75 5Environmental Management Style and Corporate Environmental Performance---95 6Conclusion---135 notes---159 references---189 index---207 Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Wood-pulp industry Environmental aspects, Wood-pulp industry Law and legislation

"This innovative and sophisticated study represents a major contribution to the study of corporate environmental performance . The authors persuasively demonstrate how the 'greening of industry' is affected by a complex interaction of regulatory requirements, community pressures, economic constraints and managerial styles. This creative effort to integrate the study of environmental regulation and corporate environmentalism significantly enriches our understanding of the dynamics of both government regulation and environmental management."—David Vogel, Professor, Department of Political Science, Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley. "Shades of Green is a valuable, finely written investigation of determinants of the varying degree to which corporations comply—or even over-comply—with environmental regulations."—Francine Sanders Romero, Department of Public Administration, University of Texas at San Antonio