JEAN R. SODERLUND is a professor of history emeritus at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Her books include Lenape Country: Delaware Valley Society before William Penn and Quakers and Slavery: A Divided Spirit, which received the New Jersey Historical Commission’s Alfred E. Driscoll Dissertation Prize.

• Introduction1. Defending the Lenape Homeland2. Seeking Peace in Cohanzick Country3. Promising Liberty and Property: The West New Jersey Concessions4. Quaker Colonization without Violence or Remorse5. Women, Ethnicity, and Freedom in Southern Lenapehoking6. Forced Separation: Enslaved Blacks in the Quaker Colony7. A Different Path: Defining Swedish and Finnish EthnicityConclusionNotesAcknowledgmentsManuscripts and Suggested ReadingsIndex

"Soderlund tells a balanced, multifaceted story that devotes attention to the various peoples that composed a strikingly diverse colony that has been relatively little studied. Separate Paths speaks to some of the most important trends in the field of early American history. It shows Indigenous sovereignty and how Lenapes’ actions shaped how colonization unfolded." - Sean Harvey (author of Native Tongues: Colonialism and Race from Encounter to the Reservation) "That the place now popularly called 'South Jersey' was once known as 'West New Jersey' suggests how little we understand its history. If anyone can make sense of things it is Jean Soderlund, who has spent a lifetime immersed in the sources. By insisting that, well into the eighteenth century the territory remained sovereign Lenape country, by downplaying the heroism of pacifist Quaker colonizers, and by keeping Indigenous communities, enslaved people, and elite and ordinary women center stage, her Separate Paths is a major contribution to early American history."- Daniel K. Richter (author of Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts)

JEAN R. SODERLUND is a professor of history emeritus at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Her books include Lenape Country: Delaware Valley Society before William Penn and Quakers and Slavery: A Divided Spirit, which received the New Jersey Historical Commission’s Alfred E. Driscoll Dissertation Prize.

• Introduction1. Defending the Lenape Homeland2. Seeking Peace in Cohanzick Country3. Promising Liberty and Property: The West New Jersey Concessions4. Quaker Colonization without Violence or Remorse5. Women, Ethnicity, and Freedom in Southern Lenapehoking6. Forced Separation: Enslaved Blacks in the Quaker Colony7. A Different Path: Defining Swedish and Finnish EthnicityConclusionNotesAcknowledgmentsManuscripts and Suggested ReadingsIndex

"Soderlund tells a balanced, multifaceted story that devotes attention to the various peoples that composed a strikingly diverse colony that has been relatively little studied. Separate Paths speaks to some of the most important trends in the field of early American history. It shows Indigenous sovereignty and how Lenapes’ actions shaped how colonization unfolded." - Sean Harvey (author of Native Tongues: Colonialism and Race from Encounter to the Reservation) "That the place now popularly called 'South Jersey' was once known as 'West New Jersey' suggests how little we understand its history. If anyone can make sense of things it is Jean Soderlund, who has spent a lifetime immersed in the sources. By insisting that, well into the eighteenth century the territory remained sovereign Lenape country, by downplaying the heroism of pacifist Quaker colonizers, and by keeping Indigenous communities, enslaved people, and elite and ordinary women center stage, her Separate Paths is a major contribution to early American history."- Daniel K. Richter (author of Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts)

JEAN R. SODERLUND is a professor of history emeritus at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Her books include Lenape Country: Delaware Valley Society before William Penn and Quakers and Slavery: A Divided Spirit, which received the New Jersey Historical Commission’s Alfred E. Driscoll Dissertation Prize.

• Introduction1. Defending the Lenape Homeland2. Seeking Peace in Cohanzick Country3. Promising Liberty and Property: The West New Jersey Concessions4. Quaker Colonization without Violence or Remorse5. Women, Ethnicity, and Freedom in Southern Lenapehoking6. Forced Separation: Enslaved Blacks in the Quaker Colony7. A Different Path: Defining Swedish and Finnish EthnicityConclusionNotesAcknowledgmentsManuscripts and Suggested ReadingsIndex

"Soderlund tells a balanced, multifaceted story that devotes attention to the various peoples that composed a strikingly diverse colony that has been relatively little studied. Separate Paths speaks to some of the most important trends in the field of early American history. It shows Indigenous sovereignty and how Lenapes’ actions shaped how colonization unfolded." - Sean Harvey (author of Native Tongues: Colonialism and Race from Encounter to the Reservation) "That the place now popularly called 'South Jersey' was once known as 'West New Jersey' suggests how little we understand its history. If anyone can make sense of things it is Jean Soderlund, who has spent a lifetime immersed in the sources. By insisting that, well into the eighteenth century the territory remained sovereign Lenape country, by downplaying the heroism of pacifist Quaker colonizers, and by keeping Indigenous communities, enslaved people, and elite and ordinary women center stage, her Separate Paths is a major contribution to early American history."- Daniel K. Richter (author of Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts)