The work provides fundamental expertise of quantum optics and photonic quantum technology with particular attention to the generation of non-classical light with semiconductor nanostructures. The book is written by experimentalists for experimentalists at various career stages: physics and engineering students, researchers in quantum optics, industry experts in quantum technology. A didactical structure is followed, having in each chapter overview and summary of the discussed topics, allowing for a quick consultation. The book covers: Basics of quantum optics. Spectroscopy, time-resolved measurements, quantum optics techniques. Principles of non-classical light emission. Excitation of semiconductor nanostructures and their manipulation. Growth and nanofabrication of devices. Targeting physics and quantum engineering students as well as research scientists and engineers in academia and industry it provides the practical base for understanding quantum light sources and for evaluating their performances. Thus it enables readers to gain the necessary knowledge to understand, design and test novel quantum light sources for various implementations as quantum key distribution, quantum repeaters, quantum sensors and photonic quantum information processing.