David F.J. Campbell is a Higher Education Researcher at the University forContinuing Education Krems in Austria; Associate Professor for ComparativePolitical Science at the University of Vienna; and a Quality Enhancement Expert,Quality Researcher and Publication Strategist at the University of Applied Arts inVienna.Elias G. Carayannis is a Full Professor of Science, Technology, Innovation andEntrepreneurship as well as the co-founder and co-director of the Global andEntrepreneurial Finance Research Institute (GEFRI) and the director of theEuropean Union Research Center (EURC) at the George Washington UniversitySchool of Business (GWSB).Carayannis and Campbell jointly developed the theory of Quadruple andQuintuple Helix Innovation Systems.