Security in the Global Commons and Beyond

Martín Ramírez was born in Madrid. Honorary Professor of Nebrija University, currently, he is Chair of its Center for Conflict Studies; of the CICA International Foundation; and of the Spanish Pugwash Movement (Peace Nobel Laureate, 1995). He studied Medicine, Humanities, and Law, obtaining a Ph.D. degree in Medicine and Surgery (Neurosciences) and in Philosophy (Education) as well as three Diplomas and a Master in National Defense at the Spanish MoD Center for Advanced Studies for Defence (CESEDEN). He is Humboldt & Fulbright Fellow, in Ruhr Universität and Stanford, respectively. Dr. Martín Ramírez is also Research Fellow of International Security Program of the Harvard University and Visiting Fellow of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford University, probably the two most important left-leaned and right-leaned American think tanks, respectively. He also served as Visiting Professor and Research Fellow at universities in Israel, France, Poland,Wales, Australia, Japan, Canada, Iran, Guatemala, Germany, and the USA. He has been awarded multiple international honors, such as being several times official of the Boarding Counsel of the International Society for Research on Aggression (ISRA), on the Advisory Board of the Society for Terrorism Research, and of the Professors World Peace Academy, and Fellow of the World Academy of Art and Sciences and of the New York Academy of Sciences, as well as a Professional Award on Aggression and Inter-ethnic Conflicts by the East–West Center, established by the United States Congress, among others. Dr. Martín Ramírez is the author of about 500 scientific publications, books, and articles, in more than ten languages. He has also been Head of the Universidad Complutense Research Group on Sociopsychobiology of Aggression, Head of the Departments of Psychobiology at the Universities of Seville and Complutense, and Director of the Cabinet of the Rector at the Autonomous University at Madrid.   Rear Admiral (R) Bartolomé Bauzá-Abril joined the Spanish Navy in 1975 and retired in 2014 after 40 years of service on board ships (both as a crewmember and Commanding Officer) and staffs (Navy, Joint, NATO, and EU). He has been Commanding Officer of the gunboat Mouro, the corvette Cazadora, the frigate Baleares, and the amphibious assault ship Galicia. He has been part of the Academic Staff (Strategy Dept.) in both the Spanish Navy War College and the Joint Staff College. As Flag Officer, he has been commissioned twice to the EU EUNAVFOR HQ (Op. Atalanta) at Northwood as Deputy Commander (2010 and 2014), and has served as Director Operational Preparation (OPD) for the evaluation of the NATO Response Forces Joint HQ’s readiness (2010–2012). His last assignment was Director CIS Spanish Navy HQ. When he retired, he founded Outrospection SL, a Business Development Support company based in Madrid, Spain, with presence in the UK (via Outrospection Ltd, co-founded as well by Bauzá-Abril) and France. Outrospection SL and Outrospection Ltd have provided customized business support to organizations and companies across the EU. Bauzá-Abril has written a number of articles on defense issues and is part of the Scientific Committee at CICA International.

• 1. Introduction.- 2. The South China Sea: Conflict Management and Environmental Protection.- 3. The Exploitation of the Seas for Trade: The New Arctic Routes.- 4. Great Power Competition in the Arctic.- 5. The Future of Mining: The Exploitation of Marine Geological Resources.- 6. Arms Control in Outer Space: A Diplomatic Alternative to Star Wars.- 7. The Outer Space as a New Theater of Operations; Some Ethical-Legal Considerations.- 8. Cyberspace: An Advantageous Terrain for War?.- 9. Cyberspace: A Tool to Frame the Lybian War.- 10. Foreign Cyber Intervention in Electoral Processes.