This guide details the objectives of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 8, economic growth and decent work for all, through an economic perspective, and it discusses limitations in the assessment of the objectives, focusing on the potential inconsistency between the implementation of the goal and the measurements used to determine its attainment. It also addresses the role of data and the significance of cultural sensitivity, as well as explicit inclusion of cultural protection in economic development in the context of the goal. After an overview of the Sustainable Development Goals in terms of the millennium development goals they replaced, chapters address the relationship between economic growth and sustainability; the definition of decent work and the role of corporate social responsibility, the inclusion of decent work within trade agreements, gender and working conditions, and the relationship between decent work and poverty alleviation; and GDP and employment from the perspective of future prospects and issues, focusing on the role of women in the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 8.