This concise guide examines Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4), which seeks to "ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all." It considers the goal in terms of sustainable development; mechanisms for monitoring the international education agenda to support attainment of the goal; the concepts of education, inclusivity, quality education, and education for sustainable development; the role of the conflict between Western scientific knowledge and indigenous or local knowledge; the role of teacher educators and teachers in the attainment of inclusive and quality education; the role of the curriculum in developing 21st-century skills for a sustainable society; and case studies of Latvia and Jamaica, to highlight the issues, complexities, and challenges involved in pursuing the goal.