Estrella Trincado Aznar is Professor of History of Economic Thought at the Complutense University of Madrid. Fernando López Castellano is Professor of Economics at the University of Granada.

• 1. Invention, institutional change and economic development: from Scottish Enlightenment to the IPE.- 2. Friedrich List, contemporaries and followers: national innovation policies revisited.- 3. Transhumanism as alienation in Marx's humanist approach.- 4. Energy efficiency, productivity and the Jevons paradox.- 5. Max Weber: Science, Technology and Knowledge.- 6. Schumpeter and Austrian economics on innovation.- 7. The Neoclassical approach, its crisis and the Schumpeterian echo in the current paradigm of the economic analysis of Technological Change.- 8. Some misconceptions regarding innovation (and how reading the classics might help to overcome them).- 9. Sustainability and technological progress.- 10. Technological unemployment as a historical debate.- 11. On the controversies on capital as a selection between paradigms.- 12. Influence of Schumpeter in the national context.- 13. Institutional problems for innovation although inventions are available.- 14. Conclusion and future research.