Science and Engineering of Polyphenols

Chandrabhan Verma, PhD, is a researcher at the Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. He has researched and published extensively on the synthesis and design of environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors.

• List of Contributors xixPreface xxixEditor Biography xxxiPart I Overview of Polyphenols 11 Fundamentals of Polyphenols: Nomenclature, Classification and Properties 3Sidra Subhan, Muhammad Zeeshan, Atta Ur. Rahman, and Muhmmad Yaseen1.1 Introduction 31.2 A Short History of Polyphenols 51.3 Fundamental of Polyphenols 71.4 Nomenclature of Polyphenols 71.5 Classification of Polyphenols 81.6 Extraction Methods of Polyphenols 101.7 Solubility of Polyphenols 181.8 Flavor and Color of Polyphenols 221.9 Health-Promoting Properties of Polyphenols 241.10 Skin Benefits of Polyphenols 301.11 Conclusions 30References 312 Chemistry of Polyphenols: Synthesis, Characterization, and Structure (Electronic and Molecular) and Reactivity 37Omar Dagdag, Rajesh Haldhar, and Hansang Kim2.1 Introduction 372.2 Synthesis and Characterization 382.3 Polyphenolics Without Intervening Atoms 392.4 Polyphenols with Intervening Carbon Atoms 402.5 Polyphenols with Intervening Heteroatoms 412.6 Characterization 462.7 Chemical Structure and Reactivity 482.8 Conclusion 51References 513 Plant-Derived Polyphenols: Extraction, Purification, and Characterization 54Humira Assad, Alok Kumar, and Ashish Kumar3.1 Introduction 543.2 Extraction of Polyphenols 583.3 Purification of Polyphenols 663.4 Characterization of Polyphenols 673.5 Conclusion and Outlook 70List of Abbreviations 71References 724 Fermentation and Degradation of Polyphenols 77Chandan K. Mandal, Palraj Kasinathan, Srikanta Sahu, Akshima, Mansi Yadav, Garima Sachdeva, Sanju Sharma, Manoj K. Banjare, and Kamalakanta Behera4.1 Introduction 774.2 Plant-Based Fermented Food Products with Lactic Acid Bacteria 784.3 Microbial Fermentation of Food Macronutrients 804.4 Metabolism of Food Phenolics by Lactic Acid Bacteria 814.5 Polyphenols Differentially Modulate Bacterial Growth 834.6 Functional Food Products Based on Polyphenolic fermentation by Probiotics 844.7 Fermentation of Whole Grain Foods 854.8 Degradation of Polyphenol 884.9 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 93Acknowledgments 94List of Abbreviations 94References 94Part II Industrial Applications of Polyphenols 1055 Polyphenols for Wastewater and Industrial Influents’ Treatment 107Muhammad Salman, Muhammad U. Farooq, Atta Ur. Rahman, and Muhammad Yaseen5.1 Introduction 1075.2 History of Natural Polyphenols 1095.3 Types of Natural Polyphenols 1095.4 Polyphenols in Wastewater Remediation 1115.5 Structural and Functional Features of Polyphenols 1135.6 Overview of Polyphenol-Based Materials 1165.7 Applications of Natural Polyphenol-Based Material in Water Remediation 1205.8 Conclusions, Challenges, and Prospects 125References 1266 Polyphenols for Anticorrosion Application 134Shveta Sharma, Richika Ganjoo, and Ashish Kumar6.1 Introduction 1346.2 Anticorrosive Properties of Polyphenols: Literature Survey 1386.3 Conclusion 151References 1527 Polyphenols for Dyes Application 157Abhinay Thakur and Ashish Kumar7.1 Introduction 1577.2 Natural Dyes and the Need for Sustainable Alternatives 1617.3 Chemical Structure of Polyphenols and their Dyeing Properties 1687.4 Extraction Methods for Polyphenols from Plant Sources 1757.5 Dyeing Mechanisms of Polyphenols 1837.6 Applications of Polyphenols as Natural Dyes 1877.7 Challenges and Future Prospects 1957.8 Conclusions, Challenges, and Future Perspectives 200References 2028 Polyphenols for Packaging Application 211Gianluca Viscusi and Giuliana Gorrasi8.1 Introduction 2118.2 Active Packaging: Coating and Thin Films 2128.3 Phenolic Compounds 2128.4 Classifications and Applications of Polyphenolic Compounds 2158.5 Action Mechanism 2368.6 Limits and Future Predictions 2378.7 Conclusions 238References 2389 Polyphenols for Textile-Based Application 253Mohd Yusuf, Vikrant Jayant, and Wasim Khan9.1 Introduction 2539.2 Polyphenols in Textile-Based Applications 2579.3 Specific Functional Finishing Using Polyphenols 2649.4 Future Outlook 2689.5 Conclusion 269Acknowledgement 269References 26910 Polyphenols for Sensing/Biosensing Application 275Elia Grueso and Rosa M. Giráldez-Pérez10.1 Introduction 27510.2 Electrochemical Biosensors of Phenolic Compounds Based on Polyphenol Oxidases 27810.3 Polyphenols for Metal Ions Sensing Applications 29010.4 Polyphenols and Human Health 29410.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 298References 29911 Polyphenol-based Hydrogels and Nanocomplexes: Fundamental, Properties, and Industrial Applications 315Salima El Yakhlifi and Vincent Ball11.1 Introduction 31511.2 Polyphenols Grafted on Molecules Able to Undergo Gelation 31611.3 Conclusions and Perspectives 326References 32712 Polyphenol-based Materials as Sensors: Recent Trends in Chemo- and Bio-sensing 330Jing Wei, Youyou Feng, and Gen Wang12.1 Introduction 33012.2 Polyphenol 33112.3 Polyphenol-based Nanomaterials and Their Derivatives 33412.4 Sensing Applications 33912.5 Summary and Outlook 352Acknowledgments 352References 353Part III Polyphenols for Life Science Applications 35913 Polyphenols in Control of COVID-19 361Elyor Berdimurodov, Khasan Berdimuradov, Ashish Kumar, Omar Dagdag, Mohamed Rbaa, and Bhawana Jain13.1 Introduction 36113.2 Antiviral Properties of Polyphenols 36613.3 Polyphenols Active Against COVID- 19 36913.4 Potential Applications of Polyphenols in COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment 37213.5 Clinical Trials and Research on Polyphenols and COVID- 19 37813.6 Safety and Limitations of Polyphenols in COVID-19 Management 37913.7 Conclusion 381References 38114 Polyphenols for Dietary Polyphenols Application 385Elyor Berdimurodov, Khasan Berdimuradov, Ilyos Eliboev, Azimjon Choriev, Anvar Khamidov, Mukhriddin Yusufov, and Chinmurot Yodgorov14.1 Introduction 38514.2 Main Part 38714.3 Conclusion and Outlook 397References 39715 Polyphenols for Health Management and Disease Control Applications 402Shveta Sharma, Manu Sharma, Richika Ganjoo, and Ashish Kumar15.1 Introduction 40215.2 Health Benefits of Polyphenols 40315.3 Conclusion and Future Outlook 412References 41216 Polyphenols as Antimicrobial (Disinfectant and Pest control) Applications 416Vrinda, Garima Narang, Garima Pandey, Prashant Singh, and Kamlesh Kumari16.1 Introduction 41616.2 Pest Management 41716.3 Disinfectants 42416.4 Conclusion and Future Outlook 429References 43117 Polyphenols for Antioxidant Application: Biochemistry of Polyphenols 436Akbar Esmaeili 4317.1 Introduction 43617.2 Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols 44217.3 Influence of Polyphenols on Antibacterial Biofilm 44317.4 Significance of Polyphenols 44517.5 Biochemistry of Polyphenols 44617.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 448References 44818 Phenolic Compounds from Marine Organisms and Their Biofunctional Properties 452Jayasri Ravichandran, Liya Babu, Kirubakaran Baskaran Jayalakshmi, Mangaiyarkarasi Manivel, Kamini Numbi Ramudu, Ganesan Ponesakki, and Nimish Mol Stephen18.1 Introduction 45218.2 Classification of Marine Phenols 45318.3 Sources 45918.4 Influence of Environmental Factors on PCs 46518.5 Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications 46618.6 Conclusion 472Acknowledgement 472Conflict of Interest 472References 47219 Polyphenols of Triberry in Dietary Supplements and Health Care 479Palmiro Poltronieri, Sekar Sasikala, and Srinivasan Narasimhan19.1 Introduction 47919.2 Types of Polyphenols Found in Berries 48119.3 Potential Health Benefits of Polyphenols from Berries 48219.4 Conclusion 485References 48520 Dietary Polyphenols: Recent Trends in Its Biological Significance 489P. Indra Arulselvi, K.R. Kavya, and M. Kesavapriya20.1 Introduction 48920.2 Biological Activities of Dietary Polyphenols 49220.3 Recent Trends in Polyphenol Research 49720.4 Conclusion and Outlook 501References 50221 Polyphenols for Pharmaceutical (Diagnosis, Therapies, and Prevention of Diseases) Applications 508Nastaran Hashemzadeh, Sanaz Sajedi-Amin, Abolghasem Jouyban, and Elaheh Rahimpour21.1 Introduction 50821.2 Classification of Polyphenols 50821.3 Polyphenols Applications as Potential Pharmaceutical Agents 51121.4 Conclusion and Future Trends 524Abbreviations 525References 52622 Food Additive Applications of Polyphenols 531Richika Ganjoo, Shveta Sharma, Humira Assad, Praveen Kumar Sharma, and Ashish Kumar21.1 Introduction 53121.2 Polyphenols as Flavoring Agents 53221.3 Polyphenols in Enzyme Preparations 53521.4 Polyphenols in Preservation and Coloring 53621.5 Polyphenols in Preservation of Meat and Aquatic Items 54121.6 Conclusion 543References 54423 Biological Significance of Polyphenols as Functional Molecules in Biomaterial Preparations 548Kalaiselvi Vinayagamurthy, Deena Praveena Kumar, Karthika Yalavarthi, Kamini Numbi Ramudu, Jayasri Ravichandran, Nimish Mol Stephen, and Ganesan Ponesakki23.1 Introduction 54823.2 Functional Properties of Polyphenols for Biomaterial Engineering 54923.3 Polyphenols in Biomaterial Engineering 55023.4 The Biological Significance of Polyphenols as Biomaterials 55123.5 Marine Polyphenol-Based Biomaterials 56923.6 Conclusion 571Acknowledgments 572Conflict of Interest 572References 572Index 585