Schuman’s lessons for today’s Europe

Victoria Martín de la Torre has served in the European Parliament since 2008. A Fulbright scholar, she holds a PhD from Istituto Universitario Sophia and Master’s degrees from Columbia University and the College of Europe. Formerly a journalist with the Spanish weekly Tiempo, she is the author of Europe, a Leap into the Unknown (2014).

• Foreword Personal testimony List of Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Introduction PART I Schuman’s Model for Building Community CHAPTER 1 A changing Europe in a changing world 1. Evolution during the life-time of the Founding Fathers 2. Evolution from the EU Founding Fathers to present day 3. Conclusion: a hyperdiverse and post-national Europe requires more solidarity CHAPTER 2 Schuman’s notion of a European Community 1. Conceptual clarifications on the word community 2. Philosophical sources of inspiration 3. Main features of Schuman’s community 4. Key concepts of a European Community 5. Conclusion: a method is needed to build community ix xi xiii xv xvii 1 5 7 8 13 17 19 19 22 29 33 40 vCONTENTS vi CHAPTER 3 The European spirit to redefine Europe 43 1. Was Schuman a cosmopolitan? 44 2. The EU as a cosmopolitan actor: the centrality of human dignity 53 3. European integration in line with Schuman’s vision 65 4. Conclusion: a Europe both cosmopolitan and rooted 88 CHAPTER 4 Intercultural dialogue to foster the European spirit 91 1. The evolution of cultural diversity management in Europe 91 2. Intercultural dialogue in Europe 102 3. Robert Axelrod’s transformative cooperation 108 4. Intercultural dialogue in the European spirit 111 PART II Grassroot Observations of Schuman’s Model 121 CHAPTER 5 Main elements of the study 123 1. Operationalising Schuman’s key concepts 124 2. Comparison of the three case studies 125 3. Steps in personal transformation 128 4. Data collection and indicators 132 CHAPTER 6 Presentation of the three projects 139 1. Anti-rumours: fighting rumours to foster social cohesion in Bilbao 139 2. Belieforama: overcoming anti-semitism and Islamophobia 144 3. Young Ambassadors Programme: personal transformation for sustainable change 148 CHAPTER 7 Data analysis to measure personal transformation 155 1. Cross-case comparison: survey results 155CONTENTS 2. Within-case analysis comparison 3. A generative model for Europeanisation Conclusions 1. Schuman’s vision of European Community 2. Intercultural dialogue to build community 3. The Europeanisation effect 4. Policy recommendations 5. Recommendations for ICD practitioners What I learned Bibliography Index