"The question of whether or not downed trees should be cleared from forest areas is one on which there has been much controversy. Large areas of forests can lose trees due to storms, fires, flood, insect infestation, even volcanoes. Lindenmayer (ecology, Australian National University) Burton, of the Pacific Forestry Centre in British Columbia, and Franklin (ecosystem analysis, University of Washington, Seattle) examine the question from both economic and ecological viewpoints. They consider the various reasons for the wood to be downed and the value of salvaging it rather than cutting down living trees. The conclusions over all indicate that salvaging downed trees has a more negative ecological impact than even clear cutting, threatening species and retarding the renewal of the forest. They suggest ways in which these effects can be mitigated but in most cases, they feel the cost of salvaging wood is high."