Dr. Phillip Drew is the Assistant Dean of Juris Doctor and Graduate Studies at Queen’s University (Kingston) and is an Honorary Associate Professor at the Australian National University (ANU) College of Law. Dr. Drew spent 30 years in the Canadian Armed Forces as an Intelligence Officer and a Legal Officer. He was deployed to Rwanda in July 1994 as the Canadian Contingent Intelligence Officer. In August 1994 he coordinated an investigation into allegations that the Rwandan Patriotic Army was conducting mass killings of civilians throughout the country.Dr. Jeremy Farrall is Associate Dean (Research) at the Australian National University (ANU) College of Law and Professor of Law in the ANU Law School. Professor Farrall has worked for the United Nations in a range of capacities, serving as a Political Affairs Officer for the UN Security Council at UN Headquarters in New York (2001-2004) and for the UN Mission in Liberia (2004-2006). He was also a UN Facilitator for the UN Secretary-General's Good Offices team that mediated peace talks in Cyprus (2004, 2008). Dr. Rob McLaughlin is a Professor of Law in the Australian National University (ANU) Law School. He researches, publishes, and teaches in the areas of Law of Armed Conflict, Law of the Sea, Maritime Security Law and Maritime Law Enforcement, and Military Law. Before moving into academia, Rob enjoyed a rewarding career in the Royal Australian Navy as a Seaman officer and a Legal officer. Consequently, his research interests are primarily focussed around issues of practical operational significance. His legal roles included as the Fleet Legal Officer, the Strategic Legal Adviser, as a Counsel Assisting the HMAS SYDNEY II Commission of Inquiry, Director Operations and International Law, and Director Naval Legal Service.Dr. Bruce Oswald is a Professor and Director of the Asia Pacific Centre for Military Law in the Melbourne Law School at the University of Melbourne. His interests in law and practice are in the areas of international humanitarian law, peace operations, state building, accountability and responsibility, and the application of human rights law to military operations. Ossie has served in the Australian Regular Army as a legal officer. He has seen operational service in Rwanda, the Former Yugoslavia, East Timor, Iraq and Afghanistan. For his service as the Legal Officer for the Australian Contingent serving in Rwanda, Ossie was awarded the Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC).

• List of AbbreviationsNotes on ContributorsForeword–Rwanda Revisited: Genocide, Civil War, and the Transformation of International LawLieutenant-General the Honourable Romeo DallaireIntroductionPhillip Drew, Jeremy Farrall, Rob McLaughlin, and Bruce OswaldPart 1: Rwanda, UNAMIR and the International Community1 Rwanda’s Forgotten YearsReconsidering the Role and Crimes of Akazu 1973–1993Andrew Wallis2 Rwanda: the Political Failure of the UN Security CouncilAmbassador Colin Keating3 Wilfully Blind: the Security Council’s Response to Genocide in RwandaTamsin Phillipa Paige4 Underpowered and Mostly UnwantedA Short History of UNAMIRJean Bou5 Rwanda Revisited: UNAMIR IIAustralian Reflections on the Mission and the MandateLieutenant-General J.J. Frewen6 UNAMIR: a Deployed Legal Officer’s RetrospectiveBruce ‘Ossie’ Oswald7 Do Not Intervene: UNAMIR’s Rules of Engagement from the InsidePhillip Drew and Major (ret’d) Brent BeardsleyPart 2: The “G” Word8 Defining GenocideMelanie O’Brien9 Rwanda, the Holocaust, and the Predictable Path to GenocidePhillip Drew10 Moral EquivalenceThe Story of Genocide Denial in RwandaLinda Melvern11 Gendering Rwanda Genocide and Post-GenocideAdam JonesPart 3: Prosecuting Genocide12 The ICTR and Its Contribution to the Revivification of International Criminal LawEmily Crawford13 Post-Genocide Justice in RwandaM.A. DrumblPart 4: Rwanda’s Legacy14 Rwanda: Lessons Observed. Lessons Learned?Jane Boulden15 Some Rules of Engagement Legacies of theReport of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the 1994 Genocide in RwandaRob McLaughlin16 Rwanda and the RohingyaLearning the Wrong Lessons?David J. Simon17 Humanitarian Intervention and R2PStacey Henderson

Dr. Phillip Drew is the Assistant Dean of Juris Doctor and Graduate Studies at Queen’s University (Kingston) and is an Honorary Associate Professor at the Australian National University (ANU) College of Law. Dr. Drew spent 30 years in the Canadian Armed Forces as an Intelligence Officer and a Legal Officer. He was deployed to Rwanda in July 1994 as the Canadian Contingent Intelligence Officer. In August 1994 he coordinated an investigation into allegations that the Rwandan Patriotic Army was conducting mass killings of civilians throughout the country.Dr. Jeremy Farrall is Associate Dean (Research) at the Australian National University (ANU) College of Law and Professor of Law in the ANU Law School. Professor Farrall has worked for the United Nations in a range of capacities, serving as a Political Affairs Officer for the UN Security Council at UN Headquarters in New York (2001-2004) and for the UN Mission in Liberia (2004-2006). He was also a UN Facilitator for the UN Secretary-General's Good Offices team that mediated peace talks in Cyprus (2004, 2008). Dr. Rob McLaughlin is a Professor of Law in the Australian National University (ANU) Law School. He researches, publishes, and teaches in the areas of Law of Armed Conflict, Law of the Sea, Maritime Security Law and Maritime Law Enforcement, and Military Law. Before moving into academia, Rob enjoyed a rewarding career in the Royal Australian Navy as a Seaman officer and a Legal officer. Consequently, his research interests are primarily focussed around issues of practical operational significance. His legal roles included as the Fleet Legal Officer, the Strategic Legal Adviser, as a Counsel Assisting the HMAS SYDNEY II Commission of Inquiry, Director Operations and International Law, and Director Naval Legal Service.Dr. Bruce Oswald is a Professor and Director of the Asia Pacific Centre for Military Law in the Melbourne Law School at the University of Melbourne. His interests in law and practice are in the areas of international humanitarian law, peace operations, state building, accountability and responsibility, and the application of human rights law to military operations. Ossie has served in the Australian Regular Army as a legal officer. He has seen operational service in Rwanda, the Former Yugoslavia, East Timor, Iraq and Afghanistan. For his service as the Legal Officer for the Australian Contingent serving in Rwanda, Ossie was awarded the Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC).

• List of AbbreviationsNotes on ContributorsForeword–Rwanda Revisited: Genocide, Civil War, and the Transformation of International LawLieutenant-General the Honourable Romeo DallaireIntroductionPhillip Drew, Jeremy Farrall, Rob McLaughlin, and Bruce OswaldPart 1: Rwanda, UNAMIR and the International Community1 Rwanda’s Forgotten YearsReconsidering the Role and Crimes of Akazu 1973–1993Andrew Wallis2 Rwanda: the Political Failure of the UN Security CouncilAmbassador Colin Keating3 Wilfully Blind: the Security Council’s Response to Genocide in RwandaTamsin Phillipa Paige4 Underpowered and Mostly UnwantedA Short History of UNAMIRJean Bou5 Rwanda Revisited: UNAMIR IIAustralian Reflections on the Mission and the MandateLieutenant-General J.J. Frewen6 UNAMIR: a Deployed Legal Officer’s RetrospectiveBruce ‘Ossie’ Oswald7 Do Not Intervene: UNAMIR’s Rules of Engagement from the InsidePhillip Drew and Major (ret’d) Brent BeardsleyPart 2: The “G” Word8 Defining GenocideMelanie O’Brien9 Rwanda, the Holocaust, and the Predictable Path to GenocidePhillip Drew10 Moral EquivalenceThe Story of Genocide Denial in RwandaLinda Melvern11 Gendering Rwanda Genocide and Post-GenocideAdam JonesPart 3: Prosecuting Genocide12 The ICTR and Its Contribution to the Revivification of International Criminal LawEmily Crawford13 Post-Genocide Justice in RwandaM.A. DrumblPart 4: Rwanda’s Legacy14 Rwanda: Lessons Observed. Lessons Learned?Jane Boulden15 Some Rules of Engagement Legacies of theReport of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the 1994 Genocide in RwandaRob McLaughlin16 Rwanda and the RohingyaLearning the Wrong Lessons?David J. Simon17 Humanitarian Intervention and R2PStacey Henderson

Dr. Phillip Drew is the Assistant Dean of Juris Doctor and Graduate Studies at Queen’s University (Kingston) and is an Honorary Associate Professor at the Australian National University (ANU) College of Law. Dr. Drew spent 30 years in the Canadian Armed Forces as an Intelligence Officer and a Legal Officer. He was deployed to Rwanda in July 1994 as the Canadian Contingent Intelligence Officer. In August 1994 he coordinated an investigation into allegations that the Rwandan Patriotic Army was conducting mass killings of civilians throughout the country.Dr. Jeremy Farrall is Associate Dean (Research) at the Australian National University (ANU) College of Law and Professor of Law in the ANU Law School. Professor Farrall has worked for the United Nations in a range of capacities, serving as a Political Affairs Officer for the UN Security Council at UN Headquarters in New York (2001-2004) and for the UN Mission in Liberia (2004-2006). He was also a UN Facilitator for the UN Secretary-General's Good Offices team that mediated peace talks in Cyprus (2004, 2008). Dr. Rob McLaughlin is a Professor of Law in the Australian National University (ANU) Law School. He researches, publishes, and teaches in the areas of Law of Armed Conflict, Law of the Sea, Maritime Security Law and Maritime Law Enforcement, and Military Law. Before moving into academia, Rob enjoyed a rewarding career in the Royal Australian Navy as a Seaman officer and a Legal officer. Consequently, his research interests are primarily focussed around issues of practical operational significance. His legal roles included as the Fleet Legal Officer, the Strategic Legal Adviser, as a Counsel Assisting the HMAS SYDNEY II Commission of Inquiry, Director Operations and International Law, and Director Naval Legal Service.Dr. Bruce Oswald is a Professor and Director of the Asia Pacific Centre for Military Law in the Melbourne Law School at the University of Melbourne. His interests in law and practice are in the areas of international humanitarian law, peace operations, state building, accountability and responsibility, and the application of human rights law to military operations. Ossie has served in the Australian Regular Army as a legal officer. He has seen operational service in Rwanda, the Former Yugoslavia, East Timor, Iraq and Afghanistan. For his service as the Legal Officer for the Australian Contingent serving in Rwanda, Ossie was awarded the Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC).

• List of AbbreviationsNotes on ContributorsForeword–Rwanda Revisited: Genocide, Civil War, and the Transformation of International LawLieutenant-General the Honourable Romeo DallaireIntroductionPhillip Drew, Jeremy Farrall, Rob McLaughlin, and Bruce OswaldPart 1: Rwanda, UNAMIR and the International Community1 Rwanda’s Forgotten YearsReconsidering the Role and Crimes of Akazu 1973–1993Andrew Wallis2 Rwanda: the Political Failure of the UN Security CouncilAmbassador Colin Keating3 Wilfully Blind: the Security Council’s Response to Genocide in RwandaTamsin Phillipa Paige4 Underpowered and Mostly UnwantedA Short History of UNAMIRJean Bou5 Rwanda Revisited: UNAMIR IIAustralian Reflections on the Mission and the MandateLieutenant-General J.J. Frewen6 UNAMIR: a Deployed Legal Officer’s RetrospectiveBruce ‘Ossie’ Oswald7 Do Not Intervene: UNAMIR’s Rules of Engagement from the InsidePhillip Drew and Major (ret’d) Brent BeardsleyPart 2: The “G” Word8 Defining GenocideMelanie O’Brien9 Rwanda, the Holocaust, and the Predictable Path to GenocidePhillip Drew10 Moral EquivalenceThe Story of Genocide Denial in RwandaLinda Melvern11 Gendering Rwanda Genocide and Post-GenocideAdam JonesPart 3: Prosecuting Genocide12 The ICTR and Its Contribution to the Revivification of International Criminal LawEmily Crawford13 Post-Genocide Justice in RwandaM.A. DrumblPart 4: Rwanda’s Legacy14 Rwanda: Lessons Observed. Lessons Learned?Jane Boulden15 Some Rules of Engagement Legacies of theReport of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the 1994 Genocide in RwandaRob McLaughlin16 Rwanda and the RohingyaLearning the Wrong Lessons?David J. Simon17 Humanitarian Intervention and R2PStacey Henderson