Shivon Raghunandan, EdD, is a professor at the Faculty of Social and Community Services at Humber Polytechnic, a psychotherapist in Toronto, and an honorary associate researcher at the Centre for Diversity in Counselling and Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. Her research interests include race and culture in interracial relationships and Caribbean healing practicesRoy Moodley, PhD, is Associate Professor of Clinical and Counselling Psychology and the Director of the Centre for Diversity in Counselling and Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. Roy’s research and publications include critical multicultural counselling and psychotherapy; race in psychotherapy; interracial relationships; traditional healing practices; and gender and identity.Kelley R. Kenney, EdD, is Emeritus Full Professor of Education at Kutztown University in Pennsylvania, USA, where she coordinated and directed the graduate program in Student Affairs in Higher Education. A trained counselor/counselor educator, she has published extensively about counseling interracial couples, individuals, and families.

• Part I: The Rise of Interracial and Intercultural Unions: History, Regulation and Racialization Chapter 1: Colonialism and Racialization: Regulation of Mixed-Race Intimacies Rachel F. Moran Chapter 2: The Construction of White Supremacy and Its Impact on Interracial Relationships and Mixed-Race IdentityJody MetcalfeChapter 3: Racialization, Racial Stratification and Sexual Racism C. Winter HanChapter 4: Colourism: Skin Colour Stratification Glenn T. Tsunokai & Elliott J. WindropePart II: Interracial, Interethnic and Intercultural Relationships Chapter 5: Interethnic Romantic Relationships in Indigenous Communities Amoneeta BecksteinChapter 6: Interracial Relationships in Black Communities Salimata Lala Fall & Sarah Becker Chapter 7: Interracial and Interethnic Relationships in East Asian Communities Zheng MuChapter 8: Interracial Relationships in South Asian Communities Gita Seshadri & Shruti Singh Poulsen Chapter 9: Interracial Relationships in Middle Eastern and North African CommunitiesManijeh Daneshpour & Elham Fathi Chapter 10: Interracial Relationships in Latine Communities Jazmín A. Muro Chapter 11: Interracial Relationships in White Communities: Implications for Identity, Social Support, and Relationship MaintenanceStephanie E. AffulPart III: Interracial and Intercultural Relationships in a Global Context Chapter 12: Romantic Relationships Across Boundaries: Global and Comparative PerspectivesJulia Moses & Julia Woesthoff Chapter 13: Navigating Borders in Intercultural Relationships: Intersections of Marriage, Migration, and IdentityViktoriya KimChapter 14: Interracial Relationships in Brazil: History, Culture, and WellbeingMaria Carolina Tomás Chapter 15: Interracial Relationships in Canada: Decolonializing Perspectives and Lived ExperiencesShivon Raghunandan & Roy Moodley Chapter 16: Interracial Relationships in Denmark: Couples Across Racial/ Ethnic BordersRashmi Singla Chapter 17: Intercultural Relationships and Intermarriages in India: Courageous Attempts at “Unity in Diversity”Hema Ganapathy-Coleman Chapter 18: Interethnic Relationships and Marriages in Indonesia: Family Dynamics and Well-BeingJony Eko Yulianto & Made Diah LestariChapter 19: Intercultural Relationships in Italy: Challenges and OpportunitiesAgostino Portera & Marta MilaniChapter 20: Intercultural Relationships and Marriages in Japan: The Well-Being of Foreign Wives Married to Japanese Men.Sayaka Osanami Törngren, Kikuko Nagayoshi & Hirohisa TakenoshitaChapter 21: Intercultural Relationships in Russia: Marital Satisfaction, Mental Health and Wellness Elena (Yurievna) ChebotarevaChapter 22: Mixed-Race Relationships in South Africa: Beyond Thinking in Black and WhiteTanya GrahamChapter 23: Intercultural Relations and Intermarriage in Spain: Race, Ethnicity, and CultureDan Rodríguez-García & Joanna L. FreedmanChapter 24: Intercultural and Mixed Race Relationships in Sweden: History, Societal Attitudes and Mental HealthNahikari Irastorza, Sayaka Osanami Törngren & Hilda GustafssonChapter 25: Interracial Couples in the United Kingdom: Between Problematization and OrdinarinessElena ZambelliChapter 26: Intercultural Relationships in the United States: The State of Interracial UnionsRachael A. Dansby Olufowote & Tabitha N. WebsterPart IV: Diversity and Intersectionality in Interracial and Intercultural Relationships Chapter 27: Race in Intercultural RelationshipsTracy L. Robinson-Wood Chapter 28: Gender in Intercultural RelationshipsByron Miller & Jennifer Admire Chapter 29: Queer Interracial Relationships: Theoretical Perspectives and Relationship-Level OutcomesChristopher-John Godfrey, DaSean Lucas Young & Kimberly Muellers Chapter 30: Interracial Relationships and Gender Expansive IdentitiesAshley “Smash” L. Koenig, Serena Maszak-Prato & Daiyah Williams Chapter 31: Intercultural Relationships and Religion Tom “YiLe” Su & Emel Genç Chapter 32: Interracial Relationships and DisabilitiesAlan Santinele Martino & Eleni MoumosPart V: Border Crossings in Cross Racial and Cross Cultural Pairings and Families Chapter 33: Families of Intercultural Couples: Relational Foundations and FracturesOyenike Balogun Chapter 34: Parenting Mixed-Race Children Marguerite Lengyell Chapter 35: Transracial Adoption in Mixed Race RelationshipsChiền Binh Nhỏ Sơn, Susan Rodriguez Branco & Lisa Ali Chapter 36: The Search for Interracial Love Online: Black Women’s ExperiencesSarah Adeyinka-Skold & Celeste Vaughan CuringtonChapter 37: Marriages in Time of Global Mobility: Borders, Intimacy and TransnationalismFrancesca Decimo Part VI: Intercultural Responsive Clinical Practice: Resilience, Mental Health and Well-Being (with case studies) Chapter 38: Racial Ideologies and Identity in Interracial Relationships James E. Brooks, Sojung Jang & Jonathan KangChapter 39: The Role of Culture in Intercultural Love and Romantic RelationshipsEkaterina Yurtaeva & Divine CharuraChapter 40: Navigating Intercultural Differences, Racial Discrimination, and PrejudiceShruti Singh Poulsen & Gita SeshadriChapter 41: Mental Health, Psychosocial Wellness, and Intimacy in Interracial RelationshipsKyle D. KillianChapter 42: Social Justice and Advocacy-Based Counselling: Culturally-Responsive Clinical Practice for Interracial CouplesKelley R. Kenney & Mark E. Kenney

“This handbook marks a major achievement in extending our explorations of interracial and intercultural unions - especially in terms of the emphasis on well-being and the variable ways in which these relationships are experienced. Many studies on mixed unions are still limited by a reliance on 'classical' Western theories of intermarriage and integration. There is impressive global coverage of mixed unions, and how the specific contexts and histories of disparate societies shape how interracial and intercultural unions are perceived, experienced, and navigated. This volume will be a hugely valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and students in many disciplines.”Miri Song, PhD, professor of sociology, University of Kent“The Routledge International Handbook of Interracial and Intercultural Relationships and Mental Health is centered on a topic of great importance, which has been underrepresented in psychology. This comprehensive text provides a historical account of interracial and intercultural unions, and it also presents several contexts (e.g., geographical) by which to conceptualize such unions. Also, this handbook is innovative in that it examines topics such as gender, queerness, and parenting, to name but a few examples. This resource is sure to help psychologists move beyond Western, binary understanding of relationships, and it will provide helpful clinical applications to anyone supporting individuals in interracial and intercultural unions.”Anusha Kassan, PhD, RPsych, associate professor, school and applied child psychology, University of British Columbia“The Routledge International Handbook of Interracial and Intercultural Relationships and Mental Health provides timely insights into the multifaceted nature of interracial and intercultural relationships across the globe. Editors Raghunandan, Moodley, and Kenney, have compilated an extraordinary assemblage of critical mixed-race scholars and clinicians from around the world whose needed intersectional perspectives challenge dominant narratives of race that pathologize interracial partnerships. This handbook serves as an important resource for scholars and practitioners interested in understanding the dynamic interplay of race, culture, and identity in intimate partnership and its influence on mental wellbeing.”Kelly Faye Jackson, MSW, PhD, co-author of Multiracial Cultural Attunement

Shivon Raghunandan, EdD, is a professor at the Faculty of Social and Community Services at Humber Polytechnic, a psychotherapist in Toronto, and an honorary associate researcher at the Centre for Diversity in Counselling and Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. Her research interests include race and culture in interracial relationships and Caribbean healing practicesRoy Moodley, PhD, is Associate Professor of Clinical and Counselling Psychology and the Director of the Centre for Diversity in Counselling and Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. Roy’s research and publications include critical multicultural counselling and psychotherapy; race in psychotherapy; interracial relationships; traditional healing practices; and gender and identity.Kelley R. Kenney, EdD, is Emeritus Full Professor of Education at Kutztown University in Pennsylvania, USA, where she coordinated and directed the graduate program in Student Affairs in Higher Education. A trained counselor/counselor educator, she has published extensively about counseling interracial couples, individuals, and families.

• Part I: The Rise of Interracial and Intercultural Unions: History, Regulation and Racialization Chapter 1: Colonialism and Racialization: Regulation of Mixed-Race Intimacies Rachel F. Moran Chapter 2: The Construction of White Supremacy and Its Impact on Interracial Relationships and Mixed-Race IdentityJody MetcalfeChapter 3: Racialization, Racial Stratification and Sexual Racism C. Winter HanChapter 4: Colourism: Skin Colour Stratification Glenn T. Tsunokai & Elliott J. WindropePart II: Interracial, Interethnic and Intercultural Relationships Chapter 5: Interethnic Romantic Relationships in Indigenous Communities Amoneeta BecksteinChapter 6: Interracial Relationships in Black Communities Salimata Lala Fall & Sarah Becker Chapter 7: Interracial and Interethnic Relationships in East Asian Communities Zheng MuChapter 8: Interracial Relationships in South Asian Communities Gita Seshadri & Shruti Singh Poulsen Chapter 9: Interracial Relationships in Middle Eastern and North African CommunitiesManijeh Daneshpour & Elham Fathi Chapter 10: Interracial Relationships in Latine Communities Jazmín A. Muro Chapter 11: Interracial Relationships in White Communities: Implications for Identity, Social Support, and Relationship MaintenanceStephanie E. AffulPart III: Interracial and Intercultural Relationships in a Global Context Chapter 12: Romantic Relationships Across Boundaries: Global and Comparative PerspectivesJulia Moses & Julia Woesthoff Chapter 13: Navigating Borders in Intercultural Relationships: Intersections of Marriage, Migration, and IdentityViktoriya KimChapter 14: Interracial Relationships in Brazil: History, Culture, and WellbeingMaria Carolina Tomás Chapter 15: Interracial Relationships in Canada: Decolonializing Perspectives and Lived ExperiencesShivon Raghunandan & Roy Moodley Chapter 16: Interracial Relationships in Denmark: Couples Across Racial/ Ethnic BordersRashmi Singla Chapter 17: Intercultural Relationships and Intermarriages in India: Courageous Attempts at “Unity in Diversity”Hema Ganapathy-Coleman Chapter 18: Interethnic Relationships and Marriages in Indonesia: Family Dynamics and Well-BeingJony Eko Yulianto & Made Diah LestariChapter 19: Intercultural Relationships in Italy: Challenges and OpportunitiesAgostino Portera & Marta MilaniChapter 20: Intercultural Relationships and Marriages in Japan: The Well-Being of Foreign Wives Married to Japanese Men.Sayaka Osanami Törngren, Kikuko Nagayoshi & Hirohisa TakenoshitaChapter 21: Intercultural Relationships in Russia: Marital Satisfaction, Mental Health and Wellness Elena (Yurievna) ChebotarevaChapter 22: Mixed-Race Relationships in South Africa: Beyond Thinking in Black and WhiteTanya GrahamChapter 23: Intercultural Relations and Intermarriage in Spain: Race, Ethnicity, and CultureDan Rodríguez-García & Joanna L. FreedmanChapter 24: Intercultural and Mixed Race Relationships in Sweden: History, Societal Attitudes and Mental HealthNahikari Irastorza, Sayaka Osanami Törngren & Hilda GustafssonChapter 25: Interracial Couples in the United Kingdom: Between Problematization and OrdinarinessElena ZambelliChapter 26: Intercultural Relationships in the United States: The State of Interracial UnionsRachael A. Dansby Olufowote & Tabitha N. WebsterPart IV: Diversity and Intersectionality in Interracial and Intercultural Relationships Chapter 27: Race in Intercultural RelationshipsTracy L. Robinson-Wood Chapter 28: Gender in Intercultural RelationshipsByron Miller & Jennifer Admire Chapter 29: Queer Interracial Relationships: Theoretical Perspectives and Relationship-Level OutcomesChristopher-John Godfrey, DaSean Lucas Young & Kimberly Muellers Chapter 30: Interracial Relationships and Gender Expansive IdentitiesAshley “Smash” L. Koenig, Serena Maszak-Prato & Daiyah Williams Chapter 31: Intercultural Relationships and Religion Tom “YiLe” Su & Emel Genç Chapter 32: Interracial Relationships and DisabilitiesAlan Santinele Martino & Eleni MoumosPart V: Border Crossings in Cross Racial and Cross Cultural Pairings and Families Chapter 33: Families of Intercultural Couples: Relational Foundations and FracturesOyenike Balogun Chapter 34: Parenting Mixed-Race Children Marguerite Lengyell Chapter 35: Transracial Adoption in Mixed Race RelationshipsChiền Binh Nhỏ Sơn, Susan Rodriguez Branco & Lisa Ali Chapter 36: The Search for Interracial Love Online: Black Women’s ExperiencesSarah Adeyinka-Skold & Celeste Vaughan CuringtonChapter 37: Marriages in Time of Global Mobility: Borders, Intimacy and TransnationalismFrancesca Decimo Part VI: Intercultural Responsive Clinical Practice: Resilience, Mental Health and Well-Being (with case studies) Chapter 38: Racial Ideologies and Identity in Interracial Relationships James E. Brooks, Sojung Jang & Jonathan KangChapter 39: The Role of Culture in Intercultural Love and Romantic RelationshipsEkaterina Yurtaeva & Divine CharuraChapter 40: Navigating Intercultural Differences, Racial Discrimination, and PrejudiceShruti Singh Poulsen & Gita SeshadriChapter 41: Mental Health, Psychosocial Wellness, and Intimacy in Interracial RelationshipsKyle D. KillianChapter 42: Social Justice and Advocacy-Based Counselling: Culturally-Responsive Clinical Practice for Interracial CouplesKelley R. Kenney & Mark E. Kenney

“This handbook marks a major achievement in extending our explorations of interracial and intercultural unions - especially in terms of the emphasis on well-being and the variable ways in which these relationships are experienced. Many studies on mixed unions are still limited by a reliance on 'classical' Western theories of intermarriage and integration. There is impressive global coverage of mixed unions, and how the specific contexts and histories of disparate societies shape how interracial and intercultural unions are perceived, experienced, and navigated. This volume will be a hugely valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and students in many disciplines.”Miri Song, PhD, professor of sociology, University of Kent“The Routledge International Handbook of Interracial and Intercultural Relationships and Mental Health is centered on a topic of great importance, which has been underrepresented in psychology. This comprehensive text provides a historical account of interracial and intercultural unions, and it also presents several contexts (e.g., geographical) by which to conceptualize such unions. Also, this handbook is innovative in that it examines topics such as gender, queerness, and parenting, to name but a few examples. This resource is sure to help psychologists move beyond Western, binary understanding of relationships, and it will provide helpful clinical applications to anyone supporting individuals in interracial and intercultural unions.”Anusha Kassan, PhD, RPsych, associate professor, school and applied child psychology, University of British Columbia“The Routledge International Handbook of Interracial and Intercultural Relationships and Mental Health provides timely insights into the multifaceted nature of interracial and intercultural relationships across the globe. Editors Raghunandan, Moodley, and Kenney, have compilated an extraordinary assemblage of critical mixed-race scholars and clinicians from around the world whose needed intersectional perspectives challenge dominant narratives of race that pathologize interracial partnerships. This handbook serves as an important resource for scholars and practitioners interested in understanding the dynamic interplay of race, culture, and identity in intimate partnership and its influence on mental wellbeing.”Kelly Faye Jackson, MSW, PhD, co-author of Multiracial Cultural Attunement

Shivon Raghunandan, EdD, is a professor at the Faculty of Social and Community Services at Humber Polytechnic, a psychotherapist in Toronto, and an honorary associate researcher at the Centre for Diversity in Counselling and Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. Her research interests include race and culture in interracial relationships and Caribbean healing practicesRoy Moodley, PhD, is Associate Professor of Clinical and Counselling Psychology and the Director of the Centre for Diversity in Counselling and Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. Roy’s research and publications include critical multicultural counselling and psychotherapy; race in psychotherapy; interracial relationships; traditional healing practices; and gender and identity.Kelley R. Kenney, EdD, is Emeritus Full Professor of Education at Kutztown University in Pennsylvania, USA, where she coordinated and directed the graduate program in Student Affairs in Higher Education. A trained counselor/counselor educator, she has published extensively about counseling interracial couples, individuals, and families.

• Part I: The Rise of Interracial and Intercultural Unions: History, Regulation and Racialization Chapter 1: Colonialism and Racialization: Regulation of Mixed-Race Intimacies Rachel F. Moran Chapter 2: The Construction of White Supremacy and Its Impact on Interracial Relationships and Mixed-Race IdentityJody MetcalfeChapter 3: Racialization, Racial Stratification and Sexual Racism C. Winter HanChapter 4: Colourism: Skin Colour Stratification Glenn T. Tsunokai & Elliott J. WindropePart II: Interracial, Interethnic and Intercultural Relationships Chapter 5: Interethnic Romantic Relationships in Indigenous Communities Amoneeta BecksteinChapter 6: Interracial Relationships in Black Communities Salimata Lala Fall & Sarah Becker Chapter 7: Interracial and Interethnic Relationships in East Asian Communities Zheng MuChapter 8: Interracial Relationships in South Asian Communities Gita Seshadri & Shruti Singh Poulsen Chapter 9: Interracial Relationships in Middle Eastern and North African CommunitiesManijeh Daneshpour & Elham Fathi Chapter 10: Interracial Relationships in Latine Communities Jazmín A. Muro Chapter 11: Interracial Relationships in White Communities: Implications for Identity, Social Support, and Relationship MaintenanceStephanie E. AffulPart III: Interracial and Intercultural Relationships in a Global Context Chapter 12: Romantic Relationships Across Boundaries: Global and Comparative PerspectivesJulia Moses & Julia Woesthoff Chapter 13: Navigating Borders in Intercultural Relationships: Intersections of Marriage, Migration, and IdentityViktoriya KimChapter 14: Interracial Relationships in Brazil: History, Culture, and WellbeingMaria Carolina Tomás Chapter 15: Interracial Relationships in Canada: Decolonializing Perspectives and Lived ExperiencesShivon Raghunandan & Roy Moodley Chapter 16: Interracial Relationships in Denmark: Couples Across Racial/ Ethnic BordersRashmi Singla Chapter 17: Intercultural Relationships and Intermarriages in India: Courageous Attempts at “Unity in Diversity”Hema Ganapathy-Coleman Chapter 18: Interethnic Relationships and Marriages in Indonesia: Family Dynamics and Well-BeingJony Eko Yulianto & Made Diah LestariChapter 19: Intercultural Relationships in Italy: Challenges and OpportunitiesAgostino Portera & Marta MilaniChapter 20: Intercultural Relationships and Marriages in Japan: The Well-Being of Foreign Wives Married to Japanese Men.Sayaka Osanami Törngren, Kikuko Nagayoshi & Hirohisa TakenoshitaChapter 21: Intercultural Relationships in Russia: Marital Satisfaction, Mental Health and Wellness Elena (Yurievna) ChebotarevaChapter 22: Mixed-Race Relationships in South Africa: Beyond Thinking in Black and WhiteTanya GrahamChapter 23: Intercultural Relations and Intermarriage in Spain: Race, Ethnicity, and CultureDan Rodríguez-García & Joanna L. FreedmanChapter 24: Intercultural and Mixed Race Relationships in Sweden: History, Societal Attitudes and Mental HealthNahikari Irastorza, Sayaka Osanami Törngren & Hilda GustafssonChapter 25: Interracial Couples in the United Kingdom: Between Problematization and OrdinarinessElena ZambelliChapter 26: Intercultural Relationships in the United States: The State of Interracial UnionsRachael A. Dansby Olufowote & Tabitha N. WebsterPart IV: Diversity and Intersectionality in Interracial and Intercultural Relationships Chapter 27: Race in Intercultural RelationshipsTracy L. Robinson-Wood Chapter 28: Gender in Intercultural RelationshipsByron Miller & Jennifer Admire Chapter 29: Queer Interracial Relationships: Theoretical Perspectives and Relationship-Level OutcomesChristopher-John Godfrey, DaSean Lucas Young & Kimberly Muellers Chapter 30: Interracial Relationships and Gender Expansive IdentitiesAshley “Smash” L. Koenig, Serena Maszak-Prato & Daiyah Williams Chapter 31: Intercultural Relationships and Religion Tom “YiLe” Su & Emel Genç Chapter 32: Interracial Relationships and DisabilitiesAlan Santinele Martino & Eleni MoumosPart V: Border Crossings in Cross Racial and Cross Cultural Pairings and Families Chapter 33: Families of Intercultural Couples: Relational Foundations and FracturesOyenike Balogun Chapter 34: Parenting Mixed-Race Children Marguerite Lengyell Chapter 35: Transracial Adoption in Mixed Race RelationshipsChiền Binh Nhỏ Sơn, Susan Rodriguez Branco & Lisa Ali Chapter 36: The Search for Interracial Love Online: Black Women’s ExperiencesSarah Adeyinka-Skold & Celeste Vaughan CuringtonChapter 37: Marriages in Time of Global Mobility: Borders, Intimacy and TransnationalismFrancesca Decimo Part VI: Intercultural Responsive Clinical Practice: Resilience, Mental Health and Well-Being (with case studies) Chapter 38: Racial Ideologies and Identity in Interracial Relationships James E. Brooks, Sojung Jang & Jonathan KangChapter 39: The Role of Culture in Intercultural Love and Romantic RelationshipsEkaterina Yurtaeva & Divine CharuraChapter 40: Navigating Intercultural Differences, Racial Discrimination, and PrejudiceShruti Singh Poulsen & Gita SeshadriChapter 41: Mental Health, Psychosocial Wellness, and Intimacy in Interracial RelationshipsKyle D. KillianChapter 42: Social Justice and Advocacy-Based Counselling: Culturally-Responsive Clinical Practice for Interracial CouplesKelley R. Kenney & Mark E. Kenney

“This handbook marks a major achievement in extending our explorations of interracial and intercultural unions - especially in terms of the emphasis on well-being and the variable ways in which these relationships are experienced. Many studies on mixed unions are still limited by a reliance on 'classical' Western theories of intermarriage and integration. There is impressive global coverage of mixed unions, and how the specific contexts and histories of disparate societies shape how interracial and intercultural unions are perceived, experienced, and navigated. This volume will be a hugely valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and students in many disciplines.”Miri Song, PhD, professor of sociology, University of Kent“The Routledge International Handbook of Interracial and Intercultural Relationships and Mental Health is centered on a topic of great importance, which has been underrepresented in psychology. This comprehensive text provides a historical account of interracial and intercultural unions, and it also presents several contexts (e.g., geographical) by which to conceptualize such unions. Also, this handbook is innovative in that it examines topics such as gender, queerness, and parenting, to name but a few examples. This resource is sure to help psychologists move beyond Western, binary understanding of relationships, and it will provide helpful clinical applications to anyone supporting individuals in interracial and intercultural unions.”Anusha Kassan, PhD, RPsych, associate professor, school and applied child psychology, University of British Columbia“The Routledge International Handbook of Interracial and Intercultural Relationships and Mental Health provides timely insights into the multifaceted nature of interracial and intercultural relationships across the globe. Editors Raghunandan, Moodley, and Kenney, have compilated an extraordinary assemblage of critical mixed-race scholars and clinicians from around the world whose needed intersectional perspectives challenge dominant narratives of race that pathologize interracial partnerships. This handbook serves as an important resource for scholars and practitioners interested in understanding the dynamic interplay of race, culture, and identity in intimate partnership and its influence on mental wellbeing.”Kelly Faye Jackson, MSW, PhD, co-author of Multiracial Cultural Attunement