Neil Carter is Professor of Politics at the University of York, UK.Daniel Keith is Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of York, UK.Gyda M. Sindre is Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of York, UK. Sofia Vasilopoulou is Professor of European Politics at King’s College London and Honorary Professor at the University of York, UK

• Introduction to the handbook Part 1: Definitions and party evolution 1. Party change beyond the ‘classical models?’ The role of agency, context, and democracy 2. Parties and partisanship in political theory 3. Party systems and party system change Part 2: Party as an organization 4. Party organization 5. Party membership 6. Party finance 7. Party institutionalisation 8. Political parties and social movements 9. Political parties and gender Part 3: Party ideology and party families 10. Cleavage politics in the twenty-first century 11.The far right 12. The centre-right: Christian Democrats, Conservatives and Liberals 13. Liberal Parties 14. Social Democracy 15. Radical left parties 16. Green parties Part 4: Party competition and representation 17. Party strategies: valence versus position 18. Issue competition and agenda setting 19. Niche parties and party competition 20. Parties in government and in coalitions 21. Parties and representation 22. Personalisation and political parties Part 5: Contemporary issues and challenges 23. Populism and parties 24. Parties and climate change 25. Parties and immigration 26. Parties and European integration 27. Parties, issues and gender 28. Post-conflict political parties 29. Clientelism and political parties Part 6: Regional comparisons 30. Political parties in Russia and post-Soviet states 31. Political parties in East Asia 32. Political parties in Southeast Asia 33. Political parties in Latin America 34. Political parties in Sub-Saharan Africa 35. Political parties in North Africa 36. Political parties in the Arab Middle East 37. Political parties in India Part 7: Methods for estimating party preferences 38. Text analysis of party manifestos 39. Voting Advice Applications 40. Expert surveys in party research

‘Anyone looking to get up to speed on the state of the art in research on political parties needs to read this book. Written by a stellar cast of experts, it tells you where we are now and where things are heading. A truly invaluable collection.’Tim Bale, Queen Mary University of London, UK‘The editors have expertly curated a compelling collection of chapters which address classic research questions in the study of party politics, alongside contributions that reflect new research foci, international analysis via regional studies, and research design and methods. All of the chapters present a state of the art, reconsider key conceptual debates, explore empirical approaches, and outline future research agendas. Such an approach offers the reader clear links to “seminal” and pioneering literature complemented by more critical studies, provides for a comparative approach, and highlights debates amongst party scholars with regard to methodological and empirical stances. The Routledge Handbook of Political Parties tells those interested in party politics what they need to critically study in party types, families, systems, and party change; it reviews party responses to critical contemporary issues such as gender inequality, European integration, the environment, and immigration; and is attuned to the study of political parties beyond established, western democracies. Accessible and yet comprehensive, the Routledge Handbook of Political Parties is a fine resource for students, the interested public, and scholars alike.’Sarah Childs, University of Edinburgh, UK‘This book is a must read for any serious scholar of political parties. It will be a very welcome addition to the libraries of scholars who study political parties. It includes many of the top scholars in the field. and has a very coherent organization , including definitional chapters, party as organization, party ideology and party systems as well as exemplary types of parties. I will certainly be relying heavily on the contributions in this book in my own work and will be using it in my classes at both the graduate and undergraduate levels.’John Ishiyama, University Distinguished Research Professor and Chair, University of North Texas, USA

Neil Carter is Professor of Politics at the University of York, UK.Daniel Keith is Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of York, UK.Gyda M. Sindre is Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of York, UK. Sofia Vasilopoulou is Professor of European Politics at King’s College London and Honorary Professor at the University of York, UK

• Introduction to the handbook Part 1: Definitions and party evolution 1. Party change beyond the ‘classical models?’ The role of agency, context, and democracy 2. Parties and partisanship in political theory 3. Party systems and party system change Part 2: Party as an organization 4. Party organization 5. Party membership 6. Party finance 7. Party institutionalisation 8. Political parties and social movements 9. Political parties and gender Part 3: Party ideology and party families 10. Cleavage politics in the twenty-first century 11.The far right 12. The centre-right: Christian Democrats, Conservatives and Liberals 13. Liberal Parties 14. Social Democracy 15. Radical left parties 16. Green parties Part 4: Party competition and representation 17. Party strategies: valence versus position 18. Issue competition and agenda setting 19. Niche parties and party competition 20. Parties in government and in coalitions 21. Parties and representation 22. Personalisation and political parties Part 5: Contemporary issues and challenges 23. Populism and parties 24. Parties and climate change 25. Parties and immigration 26. Parties and European integration 27. Parties, issues and gender 28. Post-conflict political parties 29. Clientelism and political parties Part 6: Regional comparisons 30. Political parties in Russia and post-Soviet states 31. Political parties in East Asia 32. Political parties in Southeast Asia 33. Political parties in Latin America 34. Political parties in Sub-Saharan Africa 35. Political parties in North Africa 36. Political parties in the Arab Middle East 37. Political parties in India Part 7: Methods for estimating party preferences 38. Text analysis of party manifestos 39. Voting Advice Applications 40. Expert surveys in party research

‘Anyone looking to get up to speed on the state of the art in research on political parties needs to read this book. Written by a stellar cast of experts, it tells you where we are now and where things are heading. A truly invaluable collection.’Tim Bale, Queen Mary University of London, UK‘The editors have expertly curated a compelling collection of chapters which address classic research questions in the study of party politics, alongside contributions that reflect new research foci, international analysis via regional studies, and research design and methods. All of the chapters present a state of the art, reconsider key conceptual debates, explore empirical approaches, and outline future research agendas. Such an approach offers the reader clear links to “seminal” and pioneering literature complemented by more critical studies, provides for a comparative approach, and highlights debates amongst party scholars with regard to methodological and empirical stances. The Routledge Handbook of Political Parties tells those interested in party politics what they need to critically study in party types, families, systems, and party change; it reviews party responses to critical contemporary issues such as gender inequality, European integration, the environment, and immigration; and is attuned to the study of political parties beyond established, western democracies. Accessible and yet comprehensive, the Routledge Handbook of Political Parties is a fine resource for students, the interested public, and scholars alike.’Sarah Childs, University of Edinburgh, UK‘This book is a must read for any serious scholar of political parties. It will be a very welcome addition to the libraries of scholars who study political parties. It includes many of the top scholars in the field. and has a very coherent organization , including definitional chapters, party as organization, party ideology and party systems as well as exemplary types of parties. I will certainly be relying heavily on the contributions in this book in my own work and will be using it in my classes at both the graduate and undergraduate levels.’John Ishiyama, University Distinguished Research Professor and Chair, University of North Texas, USA

Neil Carter is Professor of Politics at the University of York, UK.Daniel Keith is Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of York, UK.Gyda M. Sindre is Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of York, UK. Sofia Vasilopoulou is Professor of European Politics at King’s College London and Honorary Professor at the University of York, UK

• Introduction to the handbook Part 1: Definitions and party evolution 1. Party change beyond the ‘classical models?’ The role of agency, context, and democracy 2. Parties and partisanship in political theory 3. Party systems and party system change Part 2: Party as an organization 4. Party organization 5. Party membership 6. Party finance 7. Party institutionalisation 8. Political parties and social movements 9. Political parties and gender Part 3: Party ideology and party families 10. Cleavage politics in the twenty-first century 11.The far right 12. The centre-right: Christian Democrats, Conservatives and Liberals 13. Liberal Parties 14. Social Democracy 15. Radical left parties 16. Green parties Part 4: Party competition and representation 17. Party strategies: valence versus position 18. Issue competition and agenda setting 19. Niche parties and party competition 20. Parties in government and in coalitions 21. Parties and representation 22. Personalisation and political parties Part 5: Contemporary issues and challenges 23. Populism and parties 24. Parties and climate change 25. Parties and immigration 26. Parties and European integration 27. Parties, issues and gender 28. Post-conflict political parties 29. Clientelism and political parties Part 6: Regional comparisons 30. Political parties in Russia and post-Soviet states 31. Political parties in East Asia 32. Political parties in Southeast Asia 33. Political parties in Latin America 34. Political parties in Sub-Saharan Africa 35. Political parties in North Africa 36. Political parties in the Arab Middle East 37. Political parties in India Part 7: Methods for estimating party preferences 38. Text analysis of party manifestos 39. Voting Advice Applications 40. Expert surveys in party research

‘Anyone looking to get up to speed on the state of the art in research on political parties needs to read this book. Written by a stellar cast of experts, it tells you where we are now and where things are heading. A truly invaluable collection.’Tim Bale, Queen Mary University of London, UK‘The editors have expertly curated a compelling collection of chapters which address classic research questions in the study of party politics, alongside contributions that reflect new research foci, international analysis via regional studies, and research design and methods. All of the chapters present a state of the art, reconsider key conceptual debates, explore empirical approaches, and outline future research agendas. Such an approach offers the reader clear links to “seminal” and pioneering literature complemented by more critical studies, provides for a comparative approach, and highlights debates amongst party scholars with regard to methodological and empirical stances. The Routledge Handbook of Political Parties tells those interested in party politics what they need to critically study in party types, families, systems, and party change; it reviews party responses to critical contemporary issues such as gender inequality, European integration, the environment, and immigration; and is attuned to the study of political parties beyond established, western democracies. Accessible and yet comprehensive, the Routledge Handbook of Political Parties is a fine resource for students, the interested public, and scholars alike.’Sarah Childs, University of Edinburgh, UK‘This book is a must read for any serious scholar of political parties. It will be a very welcome addition to the libraries of scholars who study political parties. It includes many of the top scholars in the field. and has a very coherent organization , including definitional chapters, party as organization, party ideology and party systems as well as exemplary types of parties. I will certainly be relying heavily on the contributions in this book in my own work and will be using it in my classes at both the graduate and undergraduate levels.’John Ishiyama, University Distinguished Research Professor and Chair, University of North Texas, USA