Routledge Handbook of Far-Right Extremism in Europe

Katherine Kondor is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Postdoctoral Fellow at the Center for Research on Extremism (C-REX) at the University of Oslo and a Visiting Fellow in Media and Illiberalism at Loughborough University. She studies recruitment practices, pathways into far-right organisations, and far-right cultural production, particularly in the Hungarian far right. Katherine has published on the Hungarian far right, online extremism, the use of the digital space in the study of the far right, and audience engagement with media.Mark Littler is an Associate Professor of Criminology and deputy head of the School of Law and Criminology at Liverpool Hope University. He was previously senior lecturer in Criminology and Security Studies at the University of Huddersfield, and a lecturer in Criminology at the University of Hull. He is a series editor for Routledge Studies in Digital Extremism, an associate editor of Behavioural Science of Terrorism and Political Aggression, and Co-chair of the European Society of Criminology’s Working Group on Terrorism, Extremism, and Radicalization.

• IntroductionKatherine Kondor and Mark LittlerPART I – Eastern Europe1. The far-right, football hooligans and their instrumentalization by an authoritarian regime: Serbia as case studyJovo Bakić2. The Far Right in UkraineTamta Gelashvili3. The Russian far right: A changing landscape of spaces of hateMihai Varga PART II – Central Europe4. The importance of subnational politics for far-right strength: The east-west divide in GermanySabine Volk and Manes Weisskircher 5. The Austrian far right: historical continuities and the case of the Ulrichsberg commemorationsMichael Zeller 6. Four Cycles of the Czech Far-Right’s ContentionJan Charvát , Ondřej Slačálek, and Eva Svatoňová 7. Hungary’s goulash-nationalism: The tough stew of the Hungarian far rightKatherine Kondor and Rudolf PaksaPART III – Southern Europe8. The New Populist Radical Right in Portugal: the Chega partyRiccardo Marchi 9. The Radicalisation of the Mainstream: Populist Radical Right Parties and Extreme Right-Wing Movements in Italy (2012-2022)Valerio Alfonso Bruno and James Downes 10. Far Right in Greece: A foretold storyVasiliki Tsagkroni11. The Greek-Cypriot far-right space, its history and ELAM’s trajectoryGiorgos Charalambous PART IV – Northern Europe12. The evolution of the extreme right in Norway since 1990sAnders Ravik Jupskås and Tore Bjørgo 13. The far right in SwedenAnders Widfeldt 14. The shift to the right in DenmarkMette Wiggen PART V – Western Europe15. The French rightNicolas LeBourg and Marlène Laruelle 16. Alone at the Table: The Dutch Identitair Verzet and the European Identarian MovementSting Daniels and Yannick Veilleux-Lepage 17. Radical right-wing politics on the island of IrelandJim McAuley and Shaun McDaid 18. Towards a Truly Post-Organisational Movement? The Contemporary UK Far Right and its Organisational Trajectory since 2009William Allchorn EPILOGUE – Selected Current Issues in the European Far Right19. ‘America coughs, and we catch a cold’: Mapping the relationship between the American far right and British and European activismPaul Jackson20. Gendering the Far-Right Continuum in EuropeCristian Ov Norocel 21. Misogyny as a Gateway to Far-Right Hate: A Quantitative Exploration in Great BritainAntoinette Huber, Gavin Hart, and Mark Littler