Guya Accornero is an Assistant Professor in Political Science at the Lisbon University Institute (ISCTE-IUL) and co-chair of the Research Group on 'Politics and Citizenship' at CIES-IUL. She is the Principal Investigator of the FCT funded Project 'HOPES: HOusing PErspectives and Struggles', and co-chair of the Council of European Studies Research Network Social Movements. Her main area of teaching and research are social movements, digital activism, policing protest, radicalism, gentrification and housing activism, citizenship. She has published articles in four languages in journals including Mobilization, Social Movement Studies, Journal of Contemporary Religion, West European Politics, Estudos Ibero-Americanos, Democratization, Cultures et Conflits, Historein. She is the co-editor (with Olivier Fillieule) of the book Social Movement Studies in Europe (2016 Berghahn Books).

• List of IllustrationsAcknowledgementsIntroductionList of AbbreviationsChapter 1. Two Decades that Shook the World, 1956-1974Old structures and new conflictsStudent networks and repertories under the New StateChapter 2. The First Protest Cycle: 1956-1965The weakening of the Salazarist systemThe academic crisis of 1962The end of the protest cycleChapter 3. 'The Marcelo's Spring' and the Opening of a Second Protest CycleMarcelismMobilization resources and repertoireThe divergent paths of student contestation in Coimbra and LisbonChapter 4. Protest Cycle or Permanent Conflict?The new objectives of the student movementThe University of Lisbon: ‘an authentic boiler of revolutionaries’Chapter 5. The Demise of the New StateThe end of the regime: mechanisms and processesStudents and the revolutionThe ancient regime and the revolutionConclusions: Social Movements and Authoritarianism: A Paradoxical RelationshipBibliographySources

“[This volume] is methodologically solid, empirically rich and theoretically innovative and will be an indispensable read to anyone interested in the history of authoritarianism and social movements in postwar Europe, scholarly or not.” • Democratization“The Revolution before the Revolution is a landmark study, bringing us an insightful look into student mobilization against authoritarianism which will be of interest not only to students and scholars of Southern European democratization, but also to those concerned with the dynamics of opposition to authoritarianism in a wide range of settings.” • Social History“This is an excellent study of the political mobilization of students in the long 1960s and its global diffusion in an authoritarian setting. It will be essential reading for students of social movements and political and cultural change in Europe.” • António Costa Pinto, University of Lisbon“While there have been important studies of the rural and labor movements against the Portuguese dictatorship, the era’s student movements have for the most part not yet been approached in the same vein. Guya Accornero’s book on the subject combines important empirical research with a clear theoretical framework, making a contribution that is relevant beyond just Portuguese history.” • Rafael Durán-Muñoz, Universidad de Málaga

Guya Accornero is an Assistant Professor in Political Science at the Lisbon University Institute (ISCTE-IUL) and co-chair of the Research Group on 'Politics and Citizenship' at CIES-IUL. She is the Principal Investigator of the FCT funded Project 'HOPES: HOusing PErspectives and Struggles', and co-chair of the Council of European Studies Research Network Social Movements. Her main area of teaching and research are social movements, digital activism, policing protest, radicalism, gentrification and housing activism, citizenship. She has published articles in four languages in journals including Mobilization, Social Movement Studies, Journal of Contemporary Religion, West European Politics, Estudos Ibero-Americanos, Democratization, Cultures et Conflits, Historein. She is the co-editor (with Olivier Fillieule) of the book Social Movement Studies in Europe (2016 Berghahn Books).

• List of IllustrationsAcknowledgementsIntroductionList of AbbreviationsChapter 1. Two Decades that Shook the World, 1956-1974Old structures and new conflictsStudent networks and repertories under the New StateChapter 2. The First Protest Cycle: 1956-1965The weakening of the Salazarist systemThe academic crisis of 1962The end of the protest cycleChapter 3. 'The Marcelo's Spring' and the Opening of a Second Protest CycleMarcelismMobilization resources and repertoireThe divergent paths of student contestation in Coimbra and LisbonChapter 4. Protest Cycle or Permanent Conflict?The new objectives of the student movementThe University of Lisbon: ‘an authentic boiler of revolutionaries’Chapter 5. The Demise of the New StateThe end of the regime: mechanisms and processesStudents and the revolutionThe ancient regime and the revolutionConclusions: Social Movements and Authoritarianism: A Paradoxical RelationshipBibliographySources

“[This volume] is methodologically solid, empirically rich and theoretically innovative and will be an indispensable read to anyone interested in the history of authoritarianism and social movements in postwar Europe, scholarly or not.” • Democratization“The Revolution before the Revolution is a landmark study, bringing us an insightful look into student mobilization against authoritarianism which will be of interest not only to students and scholars of Southern European democratization, but also to those concerned with the dynamics of opposition to authoritarianism in a wide range of settings.” • Social History“This is an excellent study of the political mobilization of students in the long 1960s and its global diffusion in an authoritarian setting. It will be essential reading for students of social movements and political and cultural change in Europe.” • António Costa Pinto, University of Lisbon“While there have been important studies of the rural and labor movements against the Portuguese dictatorship, the era’s student movements have for the most part not yet been approached in the same vein. Guya Accornero’s book on the subject combines important empirical research with a clear theoretical framework, making a contribution that is relevant beyond just Portuguese history.” • Rafael Durán-Muñoz, Universidad de Málaga

Guya Accornero is an Assistant Professor in Political Science at the Lisbon University Institute (ISCTE-IUL) and co-chair of the Research Group on 'Politics and Citizenship' at CIES-IUL. She is the Principal Investigator of the FCT funded Project 'HOPES: HOusing PErspectives and Struggles', and co-chair of the Council of European Studies Research Network Social Movements. Her main area of teaching and research are social movements, digital activism, policing protest, radicalism, gentrification and housing activism, citizenship. She has published articles in four languages in journals including Mobilization, Social Movement Studies, Journal of Contemporary Religion, West European Politics, Estudos Ibero-Americanos, Democratization, Cultures et Conflits, Historein. She is the co-editor (with Olivier Fillieule) of the book Social Movement Studies in Europe (2016 Berghahn Books).

• List of IllustrationsAcknowledgementsIntroductionList of AbbreviationsChapter 1. Two Decades that Shook the World, 1956-1974Old structures and new conflictsStudent networks and repertories under the New StateChapter 2. The First Protest Cycle: 1956-1965The weakening of the Salazarist systemThe academic crisis of 1962The end of the protest cycleChapter 3. 'The Marcelo's Spring' and the Opening of a Second Protest CycleMarcelismMobilization resources and repertoireThe divergent paths of student contestation in Coimbra and LisbonChapter 4. Protest Cycle or Permanent Conflict?The new objectives of the student movementThe University of Lisbon: ‘an authentic boiler of revolutionaries’Chapter 5. The Demise of the New StateThe end of the regime: mechanisms and processesStudents and the revolutionThe ancient regime and the revolutionConclusions: Social Movements and Authoritarianism: A Paradoxical RelationshipBibliographySources

“[This volume] is methodologically solid, empirically rich and theoretically innovative and will be an indispensable read to anyone interested in the history of authoritarianism and social movements in postwar Europe, scholarly or not.” • Democratization“The Revolution before the Revolution is a landmark study, bringing us an insightful look into student mobilization against authoritarianism which will be of interest not only to students and scholars of Southern European democratization, but also to those concerned with the dynamics of opposition to authoritarianism in a wide range of settings.” • Social History“This is an excellent study of the political mobilization of students in the long 1960s and its global diffusion in an authoritarian setting. It will be essential reading for students of social movements and political and cultural change in Europe.” • António Costa Pinto, University of Lisbon“While there have been important studies of the rural and labor movements against the Portuguese dictatorship, the era’s student movements have for the most part not yet been approached in the same vein. Guya Accornero’s book on the subject combines important empirical research with a clear theoretical framework, making a contribution that is relevant beyond just Portuguese history.” • Rafael Durán-Muñoz, Universidad de Málaga