Rethinking Substance Abuse

William R. Miller, PhD, is Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Psychology and Psychiatry at the University of New Mexico. He introduced motivational interviewing in a 1983 article and in the first edition of Motivational Interviewing (1991), coauthored with Stephen Rollnick. Dr. Miller’s research has focused particularly on the treatment and prevention of addictions and more broadly on the psychology of change. He is a recipient of two career achievement awards from the American Psychological Association, the international Jellinek Memorial Award, and an Innovators Award from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, among many other honors. His publications include 65 books and over 400 articles and chapters. His website is https://williamrmiller.net.Kathleen M. Carroll, PhD, until her death in 2020, was Albert E. Kent Professor of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, and Director of Psychosocial Research in the Division on Addictions. A leader in the field of addiction treatment research, she authored or coauthored over 330 articles in peer-reviewed publications, over 50 chapters in major textbooks, and several books and published manuals. Dr. Carroll was a past president of Division 50 (Addictions) of the American Psychological Association, and received both Senior Scientist and MERIT awards from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the latter being awarded to the top 1% of National Institute of Health investigators. ,

• I. Introduction 1. Defining and Addressing the Problem, Kathleen M. Carroll and William R. Miller 2. The Forest and the Trees: Addiction as a Complex Self-Organizing System, Warren K. Bickel and Marc N. PotenzaII. Biological Factors 3. The Neurobiology of Addiction: A Hedonic Calvinist View, George F. Koob 4. What Can Human Brain Imaging Tell Us about Vulnerability to Addiction and to Relapse?, Anna Rose Childress 5. Genetics of Substance Use Disorders, Deborah Hasin, Mark Hatzenbuehler, and Rachel WaxmanIII. Psychological Factors 6. Natural Change and the Troublesome Use of Substances: A Life-Course Perspective, Carlo C. DiClemente 7. Developmental Perspectives on the Risk for Developing Substance Abuse Problems, Victor M. Hesselbrock and Michie N. Hesselbrock 8. Comorbid Substance Use Disorders and Psychiatric Disorders, Kim T. Mueser, Robert E. Drake, Win Turner, and Mark McGovern 9. Motivational Factors in Addictive Behaviors, William R. MillerIV. Social Factors 10. Racial and Gender Differences in Substance Abuse: What Should Communities Do about Them?, Harold D. Holder 11. Family and Other Close Relationships, Barbara S. McCrady 12. Social Contexts and Substance Use, Rudolf H. Moos 13. Ethnography and Applied Substance Misuse Research: Anthropological and Cross-Cultural Factors, Robert G. CarlsonV. Interventions 14. Behavioral Therapies: The Glass Would Be Half Full If Only We Had a Glass, Kathleen M. Carroll and Bruce J. Rounsaville 15. Pharmacotherapy of Addictive Disorders, Stephanie S. O'Malley and Thomas R. Kosten 16. Religion, Spirituality, and the Troublesome Use of Substances, Keith Humphreys and Elizabeth Gifford 17. What We Need Is a System: Creating a Responsive and Effective Substance Abuse Treatment System, A. Thomas McLellan 18. Drawing the Science Together: Ten Principles, Ten Recommendations, William R. Miller and Kathleen M. Carroll

This book is an important contribution to our understanding of how to apply substance use research to treatment, prevention, and policy. Preeminent researchers have written chapters that focus on their respective areas of expertise. Each chapter provides a concise picture of the research activities currently underway in the area at hand and summarizes current findings. All of the important domains of research on substance use problems are covered. McLellan provides a compelling critique of the current treatment system, arguing that it is not capable of incorporating evidence-based practices. Miller and Carroll propose a radical restructuring of the now largely segregated substance abuse prevention and treatment system so that it becomes integrated into the health and mental health systems. All those interested in substance use policy should read this book.--Daniel Yalisove, PhD, Department of Psychology and Addiction Studies Program, John Jay College of Criminal JusticeTwo thought leaders in substance abuse have done a remarkable service for clinicians and researchers: they have put together a distillation of what research has taught about the nature of addiction and its treatment. This volume is well focused, comprehensive, and quite readable.--Marc Galanter, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Division of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse, New York University School of MedicineIf you teach about substance use and abuse, as I do, you and your students will greatly value this book. Like other exemplary volumes that review what we know about substance abuse, it offers state-of-the-art overviews of biological, psychological, and social factors in and treatments for substance abuse. But it also does a good deal more. Above all, the book anticipates important future developments and weighs them for their impact on prevention and treatment. Since the editors and contributors are leading authorities on these matters, this is a book that can be taken seriously.--Peter E. Nathan, PhD, Department of Psychology and Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of IowaThis is a rare book in the addictions field. It assembles the most up-to-date scientific knowledge in the social and biological sciences to advance the field with regard to the etiology, prevention, and treatment of substance use problems. The book provides a new understanding of how scientific principles can be utilized in addressing common human issues associated with addictions. The themes that emerge will be of interest to practitioners in pursuit of transdisciplinary research for purposes of improving interventions and services for alcohol and drug problems.--Allen Zweben, DSW, Columbia University School of Social Work- The book does a great job of explaining the science in easy-to-understand language....The book is multiauthored, each chapter written by a researcher with expertise in a particular area of substance abuse, spanning the range from genetics of substance abuse disorders, to religion and spirituality, to systems issues in delivery of substance abuse treatment. Technical jargon is kept to a minimum, and each chapter ends with a list of general principles that summarize the key points. The gap between what is known and what is practiced is disheartening. This brave little book points out that there are effective treatments, and this is definitely not the time to give up. --Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 6/5/2010Æ’Æ’ An important contribution to the field....its wide-ranging information is accessible to a broad audience....Each chapter exhibits fluidity and comprehensiveness....Both experts and novices alike will find this book to be interesting and informative....A contemporary and inclusive resource for understanding substance use from a variety of perspectives and serves an important contribution to the field of . --Addiction, 6/5/2010Æ’Æ’ Notable for its structure and noteworthy for its fresh application of recent science to the treatment and prevention of addictions....All the chapters are written by recognized experts in the field....This text provides an excellent foundation for clinicians, program administrators, policy makers, and students who want to orient themselves to the field of addiction studies. The summary of research may challenge current prevention and treatment practices by providing a fresh perspective on the field. The interdisciplinary nature of the book is one of its greatest strengths. It introduces the reader to the most salient points of research across the wide spectrum of addiction studies. --PsycCRITIQUES, 6/5/2010