Edited by Eric P.J. Myjer, Emeritus Professor of Conflict and Security Law, School of Law, Utrecht University, the Netherlands and Thilo Marauhn, Professor of Public and International Law, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Research Group Leader Public International Law, Peace Research Institute Frankfurt, Germany and Professor of International Arms ControlLaw, Asser Institute / University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands

• Contents:PART I ARMS CONTROL LAW IN CONTEXT1 Arms control law and international conflict and security law 2Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo Marauhn2 International law and international relations in arms control: The caseof nuclear weapons 21Paul Rusman3 Technology and arms control law 40Jonathan HerbachPART II FORUMS4 The League of Nations period 56Alexander Orakhelashvili5 The United Nations as a forum for arms control 67Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo Marauhn6 The UN Conference on Disarmament 77Judith Thorn7 The European Union and international arms control: Assessing legalcompetences and instruments 89Ramses A. WesselPART III REGULATORY APPROACHES8 Prevention and prohibitions as elements of arms control 105Dieter Fleck9 Strategic trade controls 120Daniel H. Joyner10 Command and control as a subject of arms control 130Barry de Vries and Rafael Lima Asche11 Informal efforts 142Mirko SossaiPART IV NUCLEAR WEAPONS12 Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons 155Tom Coppen13 Nuclear test ban 170Masahiko Asada14 Limitation and reduction of nuclear arsenals 187Piet de Klerk15 Nuclear security 203Jonathan Herbach16 Regulatory regimes for missile defence systems and fissile material 215Hennie Strydom17 The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 235Harald MüllerPART V BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS18 The 1925 Geneva Protocol 250Michael Bothe19 The Biological Weapons Convention 258Una Jakob20 The Chemical Weapons Convention 278Ralf TrappPART VI CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS21 The CCW – a vital potential role 298William H. Boothby22 The Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty 314Wolfgang Richter23 The Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production,and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction 347Stuart Casey-Maslen24 The ENMOD Convention 359Silja Vöneky25 The UN Arms Trade Treaty: A breakthrough or with some birth defects? 377Zeray YihdegoPART VII NEW TECHNOLOGIES26 3D printing 408Barry de Vries27 Unmanned military systems and autonomous weapons systems 423Robert Frau28 The regulation of cyber weapons 440Nicholas Tsagourias and Giacomo BiggioPART VIII SPECIFIC ZONES OF ARMS CONTROL29 Nuclear-weapon-free zones and other nuclear-free areas 456Natalino Ronzitti30 Demilitarised zones 466Marco Roscini and Marco LongobardoPART IX SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT31 The limited role of judicial dispute settlement 481James D. Fry and Saroj Nair32 The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 502Laura Rockwood33 The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) 529Treasa Dunworth34 Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization: PreparatoryCommission 543Jenifer Mackby35 The OSCE 568Maria Brandstetter and Lisa Tabassi36 The United Nations Security Council and arms control: A failure ofresponsibility 592Mary Ellen O’Connell and Sawyer WhiteConcluding remarks 609Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo MarauhnIndex

Edited by Eric P.J. Myjer, Emeritus Professor of Conflict and Security Law, School of Law, Utrecht University, the Netherlands and Thilo Marauhn, Professor of Public and International Law, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Research Group Leader Public International Law, Peace Research Institute Frankfurt, Germany and Professor of International Arms ControlLaw, Asser Institute / University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands

• Contents:PART I ARMS CONTROL LAW IN CONTEXT1 Arms control law and international conflict and security law 2Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo Marauhn2 International law and international relations in arms control: The caseof nuclear weapons 21Paul Rusman3 Technology and arms control law 40Jonathan HerbachPART II FORUMS4 The League of Nations period 56Alexander Orakhelashvili5 The United Nations as a forum for arms control 67Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo Marauhn6 The UN Conference on Disarmament 77Judith Thorn7 The European Union and international arms control: Assessing legalcompetences and instruments 89Ramses A. WesselPART III REGULATORY APPROACHES8 Prevention and prohibitions as elements of arms control 105Dieter Fleck9 Strategic trade controls 120Daniel H. Joyner10 Command and control as a subject of arms control 130Barry de Vries and Rafael Lima Asche11 Informal efforts 142Mirko SossaiPART IV NUCLEAR WEAPONS12 Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons 155Tom Coppen13 Nuclear test ban 170Masahiko Asada14 Limitation and reduction of nuclear arsenals 187Piet de Klerk15 Nuclear security 203Jonathan Herbach16 Regulatory regimes for missile defence systems and fissile material 215Hennie Strydom17 The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 235Harald MüllerPART V BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS18 The 1925 Geneva Protocol 250Michael Bothe19 The Biological Weapons Convention 258Una Jakob20 The Chemical Weapons Convention 278Ralf TrappPART VI CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS21 The CCW – a vital potential role 298William H. Boothby22 The Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty 314Wolfgang Richter23 The Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production,and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction 347Stuart Casey-Maslen24 The ENMOD Convention 359Silja Vöneky25 The UN Arms Trade Treaty: A breakthrough or with some birth defects? 377Zeray YihdegoPART VII NEW TECHNOLOGIES26 3D printing 408Barry de Vries27 Unmanned military systems and autonomous weapons systems 423Robert Frau28 The regulation of cyber weapons 440Nicholas Tsagourias and Giacomo BiggioPART VIII SPECIFIC ZONES OF ARMS CONTROL29 Nuclear-weapon-free zones and other nuclear-free areas 456Natalino Ronzitti30 Demilitarised zones 466Marco Roscini and Marco LongobardoPART IX SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT31 The limited role of judicial dispute settlement 481James D. Fry and Saroj Nair32 The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 502Laura Rockwood33 The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) 529Treasa Dunworth34 Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization: PreparatoryCommission 543Jenifer Mackby35 The OSCE 568Maria Brandstetter and Lisa Tabassi36 The United Nations Security Council and arms control: A failure ofresponsibility 592Mary Ellen O’Connell and Sawyer WhiteConcluding remarks 609Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo MarauhnIndex

Edited by Eric P.J. Myjer, Emeritus Professor of Conflict and Security Law, School of Law, Utrecht University, the Netherlands and Thilo Marauhn, Professor of Public and International Law, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Research Group Leader Public International Law, Peace Research Institute Frankfurt, Germany and Professor of International Arms ControlLaw, Asser Institute / University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands

• Contents:PART I ARMS CONTROL LAW IN CONTEXT1 Arms control law and international conflict and security law 2Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo Marauhn2 International law and international relations in arms control: The caseof nuclear weapons 21Paul Rusman3 Technology and arms control law 40Jonathan HerbachPART II FORUMS4 The League of Nations period 56Alexander Orakhelashvili5 The United Nations as a forum for arms control 67Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo Marauhn6 The UN Conference on Disarmament 77Judith Thorn7 The European Union and international arms control: Assessing legalcompetences and instruments 89Ramses A. WesselPART III REGULATORY APPROACHES8 Prevention and prohibitions as elements of arms control 105Dieter Fleck9 Strategic trade controls 120Daniel H. Joyner10 Command and control as a subject of arms control 130Barry de Vries and Rafael Lima Asche11 Informal efforts 142Mirko SossaiPART IV NUCLEAR WEAPONS12 Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons 155Tom Coppen13 Nuclear test ban 170Masahiko Asada14 Limitation and reduction of nuclear arsenals 187Piet de Klerk15 Nuclear security 203Jonathan Herbach16 Regulatory regimes for missile defence systems and fissile material 215Hennie Strydom17 The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 235Harald MüllerPART V BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS18 The 1925 Geneva Protocol 250Michael Bothe19 The Biological Weapons Convention 258Una Jakob20 The Chemical Weapons Convention 278Ralf TrappPART VI CONVENTIONAL WEAPONS21 The CCW – a vital potential role 298William H. Boothby22 The Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty 314Wolfgang Richter23 The Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production,and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction 347Stuart Casey-Maslen24 The ENMOD Convention 359Silja Vöneky25 The UN Arms Trade Treaty: A breakthrough or with some birth defects? 377Zeray YihdegoPART VII NEW TECHNOLOGIES26 3D printing 408Barry de Vries27 Unmanned military systems and autonomous weapons systems 423Robert Frau28 The regulation of cyber weapons 440Nicholas Tsagourias and Giacomo BiggioPART VIII SPECIFIC ZONES OF ARMS CONTROL29 Nuclear-weapon-free zones and other nuclear-free areas 456Natalino Ronzitti30 Demilitarised zones 466Marco Roscini and Marco LongobardoPART IX SUPERVISION AND ENFORCEMENT31 The limited role of judicial dispute settlement 481James D. Fry and Saroj Nair32 The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 502Laura Rockwood33 The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) 529Treasa Dunworth34 Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization: PreparatoryCommission 543Jenifer Mackby35 The OSCE 568Maria Brandstetter and Lisa Tabassi36 The United Nations Security Council and arms control: A failure ofresponsibility 592Mary Ellen O’Connell and Sawyer WhiteConcluding remarks 609Eric P.J. Myjer and Thilo MarauhnIndex