Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi, PhD, is an assistant professor of microbiology at the C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University. He has published 63 research papers and 46 book chapters, edited 8 books, and serves as an editorial board member and reviewer of many international journals. He has an h-index of 25 with 2261 citations for his research papers. His research interests include investigation of immunogenetic, autoimmune, and therapeutic aspects of vitiligo, rheumatoid arthritis, sickle cell disease, and the role of probiotics in amelioration of autoimmune diseases. He is a recipient of numerous honors: DST-SERB Core Research Grant (2022), SERB-SIRE International Research Fellowship (2022), Best Researcher Award (2020), INSA Visiting Scientist Award (2019), DST-SERB Early Career Research Award (2018), Young Scientist Awards (2011, 2013, and 2018), and all India rank “32” in CSIR-NET national examination (2011; Life Sciences). He has successfully completed six research projects as principal investigator from national funding agencies: SERB-DST, GUJCOST, UTU, and Neo Sciences & Research Solutions Pvt. Ltd. and guided students for their doctoral and master degrees.DeLisa Fairweather, PhD, is a professor of medicine and immunology and director of translational research in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, studying sex/gender differences in cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, including myocarditis. Her research has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the American Heart Association (AHA), BARDA, and others. She serves on NIH, the Board of the Atwal Clinic and Mayo Clinic Mitochondrial Research Center, and formerly on the Board of the Myocarditis Foundation. She was a leader of the US FDA Mayo-led Expanded Access Program during the COVID-19 pandemic. She has served on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) committee making recommendations to NIH and Congress on the autoimmune disease portfolio of NIH and on the NASEM committee to examine side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. She is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the Autoimmune Registry as well as the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences (OSSD).

• Part I Regulatory T cells and immune system1. Regulatory T cells and their functions in immune system2. Regulatory T cells: mechanisms of action3. Regulatory T cells and autoimmunity4. Sex differences in regulatory T cells during autoimmune diseasePart II Role of regulatory T cells in rheumatic diseases5. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of systemic lupus erythematosus6. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary Sjögren’s syndrome7. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis8. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of psoriatic arthritis9. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of spondyloarthritis10. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of ankylosing spondylitisPart III Role of regulatory T cells in central nervous system demyelinating autoimmune diseases11. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of multiple sclerosis12. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorderPart IV Role of regulatory T cells in peripheral nerve, muscle and neuromuscular autoimmune diseases13. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of myasthenia gravis14. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of GuillainBarré syndrome and experimental autoimmune neuritis15. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy16. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of dermatomyositis and polymyositisPart V Role of regulatory T cells in inflammatory bowel diseases17. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis18. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of celiac diseasePart VI Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune liver diseases19. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune hepatitis20. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitisPart VII Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune thyroid diseases21. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis22. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Graves’ disease and Graves’ orbitopathyPart VIII Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune lung and kidney diseases23. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Goodpasture’s syndrome (anti-glomerular basement membrane disease)24. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune glomerulonephritis (IgA vasculitis and IgA nephropathy)Part IX Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune skin diseases25. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of vitiligo26. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of psoriasis27. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of atopic dermatitis28. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of alopecia areata29. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid30. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)Part X Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune blood and blood vessel disorders31. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (Hughes syndrome)32. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Kawasaki disease33. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Behçet disease34. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of immune thrombocytopenia35. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis36. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune hemolytic anemiaPart XI Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune eye diseases and type 1 diabetes mellitus37. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune uveitis38. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune retinopathy39. Role of regulatory T cell in pathogenesis and therapeutics of type 1 diabetes mellitusPart XII Current challenges and future prospects in research towards regulatory T cells based therapeutics in autoimmune diseases40. Vaccines induced effects on functioning of regulatory T cells: autoimmune perspective41. Probiotic interventions for regulatory T cells’ induction in autoimmune diseases42. CAR Treg-based therapeutics for autoimmune diseases43. Current challenges and future prospects of regulatory T cells based therapeutics in autoimmune disease

Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi, PhD, is an assistant professor of microbiology at the C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University. He has published 63 research papers and 46 book chapters, edited 8 books, and serves as an editorial board member and reviewer of many international journals. He has an h-index of 25 with 2261 citations for his research papers. His research interests include investigation of immunogenetic, autoimmune, and therapeutic aspects of vitiligo, rheumatoid arthritis, sickle cell disease, and the role of probiotics in amelioration of autoimmune diseases. He is a recipient of numerous honors: DST-SERB Core Research Grant (2022), SERB-SIRE International Research Fellowship (2022), Best Researcher Award (2020), INSA Visiting Scientist Award (2019), DST-SERB Early Career Research Award (2018), Young Scientist Awards (2011, 2013, and 2018), and all India rank “32” in CSIR-NET national examination (2011; Life Sciences). He has successfully completed six research projects as principal investigator from national funding agencies: SERB-DST, GUJCOST, UTU, and Neo Sciences & Research Solutions Pvt. Ltd. and guided students for their doctoral and master degrees.DeLisa Fairweather, PhD, is a professor of medicine and immunology and director of translational research in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, studying sex/gender differences in cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, including myocarditis. Her research has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the American Heart Association (AHA), BARDA, and others. She serves on NIH, the Board of the Atwal Clinic and Mayo Clinic Mitochondrial Research Center, and formerly on the Board of the Myocarditis Foundation. She was a leader of the US FDA Mayo-led Expanded Access Program during the COVID-19 pandemic. She has served on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) committee making recommendations to NIH and Congress on the autoimmune disease portfolio of NIH and on the NASEM committee to examine side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. She is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the Autoimmune Registry as well as the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences (OSSD).

• Part I Regulatory T cells and immune system1. Regulatory T cells and their functions in immune system2. Regulatory T cells: mechanisms of action3. Regulatory T cells and autoimmunity4. Sex differences in regulatory T cells during autoimmune diseasePart II Role of regulatory T cells in rheumatic diseases5. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of systemic lupus erythematosus6. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary Sjögren’s syndrome7. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis8. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of psoriatic arthritis9. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of spondyloarthritis10. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of ankylosing spondylitisPart III Role of regulatory T cells in central nervous system demyelinating autoimmune diseases11. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of multiple sclerosis12. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorderPart IV Role of regulatory T cells in peripheral nerve, muscle and neuromuscular autoimmune diseases13. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of myasthenia gravis14. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of GuillainBarré syndrome and experimental autoimmune neuritis15. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy16. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of dermatomyositis and polymyositisPart V Role of regulatory T cells in inflammatory bowel diseases17. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis18. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of celiac diseasePart VI Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune liver diseases19. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune hepatitis20. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitisPart VII Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune thyroid diseases21. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis22. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Graves’ disease and Graves’ orbitopathyPart VIII Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune lung and kidney diseases23. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Goodpasture’s syndrome (anti-glomerular basement membrane disease)24. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune glomerulonephritis (IgA vasculitis and IgA nephropathy)Part IX Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune skin diseases25. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of vitiligo26. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of psoriasis27. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of atopic dermatitis28. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of alopecia areata29. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid30. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)Part X Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune blood and blood vessel disorders31. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (Hughes syndrome)32. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Kawasaki disease33. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Behçet disease34. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of immune thrombocytopenia35. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis36. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune hemolytic anemiaPart XI Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune eye diseases and type 1 diabetes mellitus37. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune uveitis38. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune retinopathy39. Role of regulatory T cell in pathogenesis and therapeutics of type 1 diabetes mellitusPart XII Current challenges and future prospects in research towards regulatory T cells based therapeutics in autoimmune diseases40. Vaccines induced effects on functioning of regulatory T cells: autoimmune perspective41. Probiotic interventions for regulatory T cells’ induction in autoimmune diseases42. CAR Treg-based therapeutics for autoimmune diseases43. Current challenges and future prospects of regulatory T cells based therapeutics in autoimmune disease

Mitesh Kumar Dwivedi, PhD, is an assistant professor of microbiology at the C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University. He has published 63 research papers and 46 book chapters, edited 8 books, and serves as an editorial board member and reviewer of many international journals. He has an h-index of 25 with 2261 citations for his research papers. His research interests include investigation of immunogenetic, autoimmune, and therapeutic aspects of vitiligo, rheumatoid arthritis, sickle cell disease, and the role of probiotics in amelioration of autoimmune diseases. He is a recipient of numerous honors: DST-SERB Core Research Grant (2022), SERB-SIRE International Research Fellowship (2022), Best Researcher Award (2020), INSA Visiting Scientist Award (2019), DST-SERB Early Career Research Award (2018), Young Scientist Awards (2011, 2013, and 2018), and all India rank “32” in CSIR-NET national examination (2011; Life Sciences). He has successfully completed six research projects as principal investigator from national funding agencies: SERB-DST, GUJCOST, UTU, and Neo Sciences & Research Solutions Pvt. Ltd. and guided students for their doctoral and master degrees.DeLisa Fairweather, PhD, is a professor of medicine and immunology and director of translational research in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, studying sex/gender differences in cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, including myocarditis. Her research has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the American Heart Association (AHA), BARDA, and others. She serves on NIH, the Board of the Atwal Clinic and Mayo Clinic Mitochondrial Research Center, and formerly on the Board of the Myocarditis Foundation. She was a leader of the US FDA Mayo-led Expanded Access Program during the COVID-19 pandemic. She has served on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) committee making recommendations to NIH and Congress on the autoimmune disease portfolio of NIH and on the NASEM committee to examine side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. She is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the Autoimmune Registry as well as the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences (OSSD).

• Part I Regulatory T cells and immune system1. Regulatory T cells and their functions in immune system2. Regulatory T cells: mechanisms of action3. Regulatory T cells and autoimmunity4. Sex differences in regulatory T cells during autoimmune diseasePart II Role of regulatory T cells in rheumatic diseases5. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of systemic lupus erythematosus6. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary Sjögren’s syndrome7. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis8. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of psoriatic arthritis9. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of spondyloarthritis10. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of ankylosing spondylitisPart III Role of regulatory T cells in central nervous system demyelinating autoimmune diseases11. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of multiple sclerosis12. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorderPart IV Role of regulatory T cells in peripheral nerve, muscle and neuromuscular autoimmune diseases13. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of myasthenia gravis14. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of GuillainBarré syndrome and experimental autoimmune neuritis15. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy16. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of dermatomyositis and polymyositisPart V Role of regulatory T cells in inflammatory bowel diseases17. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis18. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of celiac diseasePart VI Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune liver diseases19. Role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune hepatitis20. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitisPart VII Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune thyroid diseases21. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis22. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Graves’ disease and Graves’ orbitopathyPart VIII Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune lung and kidney diseases23. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Goodpasture’s syndrome (anti-glomerular basement membrane disease)24. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune glomerulonephritis (IgA vasculitis and IgA nephropathy)Part IX Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune skin diseases25. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of vitiligo26. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of psoriasis27. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of atopic dermatitis28. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of alopecia areata29. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid30. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)Part X Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune blood and blood vessel disorders31. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (Hughes syndrome)32. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Kawasaki disease33. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of Behçet disease34. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of immune thrombocytopenia35. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis36. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune hemolytic anemiaPart XI Role of regulatory T cells in autoimmune eye diseases and type 1 diabetes mellitus37. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune uveitis38. Role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapeutics of autoimmune retinopathy39. Role of regulatory T cell in pathogenesis and therapeutics of type 1 diabetes mellitusPart XII Current challenges and future prospects in research towards regulatory T cells based therapeutics in autoimmune diseases40. Vaccines induced effects on functioning of regulatory T cells: autoimmune perspective41. Probiotic interventions for regulatory T cells’ induction in autoimmune diseases42. CAR Treg-based therapeutics for autoimmune diseases43. Current challenges and future prospects of regulatory T cells based therapeutics in autoimmune disease