Elisa Yumi Nakagawa is Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Systems at the University of São Paulo - USP, Brazil. She was a visiting professor at Fraunhofer IESE, Germany, in 2019–2020 and at the University of South Brittany, France, in 2014-2015. She has coordinated international as well as national research projects in software architecture, reference architectures, and systems-of-systems.Pablo Oliveira Antonino is Head of the Virtual Engineering at Fraunhofer IESE, Kaiserslautern, Germany. He has led industry projects on the construction, evaluation, and simulation of architectures of dependable embedded systems for diverse critical domains, such as automotive, avionics, agriculture and construction machines, medical devices, and smart industries.

• 1. Introduction.- 2. An Overview of Reference Architectures.- 3. Reference Architectures for Telecommunication Systems.- 4. Reference Architectures for Health.- 5. Reference Architectures for Automotive Software.- 6. Reference Architecture for Commercial Avionics Software.- 7. Reference Architectures for Industry 4.0.- 8. Domain-Independent Reference Architectures and Standards.- 9. Future Advances in Reference Architectures.- 10. Final Remarks.