Reducing Retirement Inequality

Olivia S. Mitchell is the International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans Professor, Executive Director of the Pension Research Council, and Director of the Boettner Center on Pensions and Retirement Research, all at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Concurrently she is a Research Associate at the NBER and Independent Director of the Allspring Mutual Fund Boards. She is also a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association. Her research focuses on pensions, risk management, financial literacy, household finance, and public finance.Nikolai Roussanov is Moise Y. Safra Professor and Professor of Finance at the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, and Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. His research explores asset pricing, macroeconomics, currency and commodity markets, entrepreneurship, and individual financial behaviour. At Wharton he has taught courses on Behavioural Finance, Fixed Income Securities, and Consumer Financial Decision Making to undergraduate and MBA students, as well as Empirical Methods in Finance aimed at students in the doctoral program.

• 1: Olivia S. Mitchell and Nikolai Roussanov: Diversity, Inclusion, and Inequality in Retirement Wellbeing: An OverviewI. Retirement Wealth Inequality2: Gustavo Suarez, Jeffrey Thompson, and Alice Henriques Volz: Retirement Assets and the Wealth Gaps for Black and Hispanic Households3: Karen Dynan and Douglas Elmendorf: Changes in Racial Gaps in Retirement Security over Time4: Edward N. Wolff: Understanding Trends in Hispanic and African American Retirement Preparedness in the US5: Jean-Pierre Aubry, Alicia H. Munnell, and Gal Wettstein: Wills, Wealth, and RaceI. The Roles of Housing, Expectations, and Social Security6: Larry Santucci: The Racial Wealth Gap and the Legacy of Racially Restrictive Housing Covenants7: Abigail Hurwitz, Olivia S. Mitchell, and Orly Sade: Racial and Ethnic Differences in Longevity Perceptions and Implications for Financial Decision-Making8: Sylvain Catherine and Natasha Sarin: Social Security and the Racial Wealth GapII. Differential Access to Financial and Human Capital Markets9: Vicki L. Bogan: Financial Inclusion and Retirement Preparedness in the United States10: Amir Kermani and Francis Wong: How Racial Differences in Housing Returns Shape Retirement Security11: Mingli Zhong and Jennifer Andre: Racial Differences in Debt Delinquencies and Implications for Retirement Preparedness12: Annamaria Lusardi, Olivia S. Mitchell, Alessia Sconti, and Andrea Sticha: Understanding Financial Vulnerability among Asians, Blacks, and Hispanics in the United StatesIII. Narrowing the Gaps13: Carl Davis and Brakeyshia Samms: Tax Policy to Reduce Racial Retirement Wealth Inequality14: John J. Kalamarides: Improving the Financial Security of Workers of Color through Employee Financial Wellness Programs15: David C. John, J. Mark Iwry, and William G. Gale: Enhancing Retirement Wealth and Reducing Retiree Inequality: Emergency Savings 460 Accounts and Other Policy Options16: Naomi Zewde: Would Baby Bonds Reduce Racial Retirement Wealth Inequality?