This open access book contains review/research papers authored by fourteen plenary/invited speakers to the 10th International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics (Tokyo, August 20–25, 2023). Written by top-level scientists recognized worldwide, this book covers a wide range topics at the frontline of industrial and applied mathematics. Some of them contain a kind of tutorial, some contain quite readable surveys. We are sure that offering these papers will be a great service to the community of industrial and applied mathematics. This book, which is the Volume 1 of a thematic series dedicated to research results presented at ICIAM 2023, includes also an introductory chapter summarizing the main features of the congress.