Ray Galvin has an interdisciplinary background, including engineering, social science and policy studies. He works with the Engineering and Architecture Departments at the University of Cambridge, UK, and the Business and Economics Faculty at RWTH-Aachen University, Germany. His main research interest in recent years has been energy efficiency upgrades of existing homes, focusing mostly on Germany and the UK, but also on Europe more widely. He has published extensively on economic, social, technical and policy issues with regard to domestic energy consumption. His empirical and theoretical work includes research on the rebound effect in both buildings and transport.